Project 4 - Design Principles and Field-Deployable Models for Economical Remediation of Dioxin-Contaminated Sites

项目 4 - 二恶英污染场地经济修复的设计原则和可现场部署模型

• 批准号: 10353534
• 负责人: SYED A. HASHSHAM
• 金额: $ 32.23万
• 依托单位: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-04-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10353534
• 关键词: Affect; Amendment; Anaerobic Bacteria; Archaea; Area; Attenuated; Bacteria; Bioremediations; Breathing; Carbon; Cell Size; Characteristics; Chloroflexi; Cobalamin; Cobalt; Communities; Complex; Corrinoids; Cyanides; Decision Making; Diffusion; Dioxins; Drug Metabolic Detoxication; Economic Development; Economics; Effectiveness; Electron Transport; Ensure; Environment; Environmental Pollution; Escherichia coli; Gene Proteins; Genes; Genome; Growth; Health; Hydrogen; Hydrogenase; In Situ; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Ligands; Link; Mathematics; Mediating; Methods; Microbial Biofilms; Microbiology; Modeling; Nutrient; Oxidants; Pathway interactions; Play; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Process; Proteins; Pyrroles; Reporting; Research; Respiration; Risk; Risk Reduction; Rivers; Role; Saline; Site; Soil; Surface; System; Technology; Time; Toxic effect; Vitamin B 12; Work; aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand; base; biomarker development; cofactor; cost; dechlorination; design; dibenzo(1,4)dioxin; dibenzofuran; electron donor; extracellular; insight; iron hydrogenase; mathematical model; microbial; microorganism; novel; predictive tools; remediation; respiratory enzyme; response; superfund site; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs, also abbreviated as PCDD/F) are among the most challenging environmental contaminants. Over the past 20 years, anaerobic microorganisms such as Dehalococcoides mccartyi and enrichments have been shown to use a number of PCDD/Fs as electron acceptors. Under laboratory conditions, the respiration rates of these organohalide respiring bacteria (OHRB) yield PCDD/F half-lives of the order of months to a few years. Hence, OHRB, if stimulated, can play a larger role in attenuating PCDD/Fs in situations where more intrusive solutions such as dredging and capping are not practicable because of cost or other factors. The ability of D. mccartyi to respire PCDD/Fs is closely linked to the high numbers of cobalt-containing proteins (mostly reductive dehalogenases - RdhAs), the genes and proteins associated with the salvaging pathway for cobalamins, and hydrogenases - to utilize the electron donor (H2). All three are critical subunits of the respiration complex. Cobalamins are corrinoids (compounds containing four reduced pyrrole rings with cobalt at the center of the ring) with 5,6- dimethylbenzimidazol (5,6-DMBI) as the lower ligand. A Cbl with cyanide as the upper ligand of cobalt is called CN-Cbl or vitamin B12 (B12). All PCDD/F respirers known so far are auxotroph for Cbl. They cannot synthesize Cbl and must salvage it using the Cbl salvage pathway. Yet, Chloroflexi – the phylum all D. mccartyi belong to has the highest number of cobalt-containing genes (mostly rdhs) among all known bacteria and archaea. The potential for the presence of OHRB at the two Superfund sites - Tittabawassee and Saginaw Rivers, MI (TR/SR), and Passaic River, NJ (PR) is high. Our work has already identified a dominant phylotype, PRdAO, at the PR site. Overall, these OHRB combined with amendments including activated carbon (AC), hydrogen release compounds (HRC), and B12 have the potential to reduce the overall toxicity equivalency quotient (TEQ) and health risks associated with PCDD/Fs. Such AC-based approaches are already being implemented for other organohalides such as polychlorinated biphenyls. Integrative mathematical models play a key role in developing optimal solutions for PCDD/F remediation. Accordingly, this project has the following four specific aims: i) Quantify the parameters for integrative remediation of PCDD/Fs in the presence of exogenous B12, HRC, D. mccartyi, and AC, ii) Identify native OHRB and Rdhs-mediated pathways for dechlorination and detoxification of PCDD/Fs at the TR/SR/PR Superfund sites, iii) Determine the effect of AC, bioaugmentation, and salinity on native PCDD/F-dechlorinating OHRB, dechlorination pathways, and rates in microcosms, iv) Develop and validate site-specific integrative remediation models for PCDD/F involving biotic and abiotic interventions. This new comprehensive model integrates the collective knowledge into a mathematical tool for predicting reduction in TEQ and health risk in response to interventions. Overall, this project provides novel and powerful approaches, design principles, and site-specific models for economical remediation of PCDD/Fs.

项目概要：多氯二苯并对二恶英和二苯并呋喃（PCDD/Fs，也简称为 PCDD/F）是最具挑战性的环境污染物之一。在过去的20年里， 微生物如Dehalococcoides mccartyi和富集已经显示使用许多 作为电子受体的PCDD/Fs。在实验室条件下，这些有机卤化物的呼吸速率 呼吸细菌（OHRB）产生的多氯二苯并对二恶英/多氯二苯并呋喃半衰期为数月至数年。因此，人力厅，如果 刺激，可以发挥更大的作用，在衰减PCDD/Fs的情况下，更侵入性的解决方案， 由于成本或其他因素，挖泥和加盖并不可行。D.麦卡蒂呼吸 多氯二苯并对二恶英和多氯二苯并呋喃与大量含钴蛋白质（主要是还原性脱卤酶- RdhAs），与钴的补救途径相关的基因和蛋白质，以及氢化酶， 利用电子供体（H2）。所有这三个都是呼吸复合体的关键亚基。钴是类柯啉 （含有四个还原吡咯环的化合物，钴在环中心）与5，6- 二甲基苯并咪唑（5，6-DMBI）作为低级配体。以氰化物作为钴的上配体的Cbl称为 CN-Cbl或维生素B12（B12）。目前已知的所有PCDD/F呼吸菌都是Cbl的营养缺陷型。它们无法合成 Cbl，必须使用Cbl挽救途径对其进行挽救。然而，Chloroflexi -门所有D。麦卡蒂属于 在所有已知的细菌和古细菌中，具有最多的含钴基因（主要是RDHS）。的 人力厅在两个超级基金地点-密执安州蒂塔巴瓦西河和萨吉诺河-派驻人员的可能性（TR/SR）， 新泽西州帕塞伊克河（Pasaic River，NJ）的PR值很高。我们的工作已经确定了一个占主导地位的基因型，PRdAO，在PR 绝佳的价钱总的来说，这些OHRB结合了包括活性炭（AC），氢气释放在内的修正案， 化合物（HRC）和B12具有降低总体毒性当量商（TEQ）的潜力， 与多氯二苯并对二恶英/多氯二苯并呋喃有关的健康风险。这种基于AC的方法已经在其他 有机卤化物如多氯联苯。综合数学模型在发展中起着关键作用 多氯二苯并对二恶英/多氯二苯并呋喃补救的最佳解决方案。因此，该项目有以下四个具体目标： 定量研究了外源性B12、HRC、D对二恶英/呋喃综合修复的影响因素。 mccartyi和AC，ii）确定天然OHRB和Rdhs介导的脱氯和解毒途径， TR/SR/PR超级基金地点的PCDD/FS，iii）确定AC、生物强化和盐度对 原生多氯二苯并对二恶英/氟化多氯二苯并对二恶英 验证涉及生物和非生物干预的针对特定地点的PCDD/F综合修复模型。这 一种新的综合模型将集体知识整合到预测还原的数学工具中 在毒性当量和健康风险方面的作用。总的来说，该项目提供了新颖而强大的方法， 设计原则和多氯二苯并对二恶英/多氯二苯并呋喃经济补救的特定地点模式。