Assessing the Neuropsychological Benefits of Weatherization Programs

评估气候适应计划的神经心理学益处

• 批准号: 10208223
• 负责人: Carina Gronlund
• 金额: $ 64.59万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-22 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10208223
• 关键词: Address; Air; Air Pollution; American; Asthma; Categories; Climate; Cognition; Cold Climate; Communities; Consumption; Cost Savings; Cost utility; Costs and Benefits; Education; Elderly; Emergency department visit; Enrollment; Evaluation; Expenditure; Exposure to; Financial Hardship; Fire - disasters; Food; Funding; Generations; Health; Health Benefit; Health Expenditures; High temperature of physical object; Home; Home environment; Hour; Household; Housing; Humidity; Intervention; Laboratories; Longitudinal Studies; Low income; Measurement; Measures; Medical; Medicine; Modification; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Neuropsychology; Occupational; Outcome; Outcome Study; Participant; Persons; Policies; Poverty; Power Plants; Program Evaluation; Psychosocial Stress; Reporting; Research; Risk; Savings; Sleep; Surveys; Temperature; Weather; actigraphy; ambient air pollution; base; cognitive function; cost; disparity reduction; extreme temperature; extreme weather; health disparity; improved; intervention effect; intervention program; mortality; novel; nutrition; programs; respiratory health; response; seal; sleep quality; supported housing

PROJECT SUMMARY The homes of millions of older Americans do not provide adequate protection from extreme temperatures, due in large part to “energy poverty.” Modifications to homes that increase energy efficiency and improve indoor temperatures may reduce the adverse neuropsychological health impacts of extreme temperatures. Indoor temperatures may impact sleep quality and short-term cognitive function, and high utility bills may exacerbate the psychosocial stress of financial worry. Some of the health benefits of weatherization have been previously characterized, including reductions in emergency department visits related to asthma. We propose to evaluate the health and financial impacts of low-cost and higher-cost weatherization programs, considering the novel or under-studied outcomes of financial worry, cognitive function, and sleep quality and duration. We propose to enroll three categories of participants: those of a low-cost weatherization program in a cold climate (Detroit, MI), those of a high-cost weatherization program in a cold climate (Madison, WI), and those of a high- cost weatherization program in a warm climate (Memphis, TN). In a longitudinal study with sleep cycle measurements (actigraphy), multiple surveys and sub-hourly indoor temperature and humidity monitoring per person over one year of participation, we aim to characterize 1) associations of indoor temperatures with cognitive function and sleep quality and duration and 2) associations of low- and high-cost weatherization programs with indoor environmental parameters (temperature, humidity) and financial worry. In aim 3), we will characterize the monetized health impacts of low- and high-cost weatherization programs in terms of both community-wide air pollution benefits (related to reduced energy consumption) and recipient-specific health benefits identified in previous research and any benefits from aims 1 and 2. This research will advance our long-term objectives of reducing the health impacts of extreme weather, characterizing the health impacts of the home environment, and reducing disparities in the health impacts of energy generation and use. This research will inform policies for energy efficiency and weatherization subsidies, considering that medical savings from expenditures on housing upgrades would potentially reduce state- or federally-subsidized healthcare expenditures. Such interventions may improve the health of older adults via improvements to indoor temperatures and reductions in utility costs and help households both mitigate (through decreased energy usage) and adapt to extreme weather.

项目概要 数百万美国老年人的房屋无法提供足够的保护来抵御极端温度， 很大程度上是由于“能源贫困”。对住宅进行改造，提高能源效率并改善 室内温度可以减少极端温度对神经心理健康的不利影响。 室内温度可能会影响睡眠质量和短期认知功能，并且高额水电费可能会影响睡眠质量和短期认知功能。 加剧财务担忧带来的社会心理压力。气候变化的一些健康益处已被 之前的特征包括减少与哮喘相关的急诊就诊次数。我们建议 评估低成本和高成本的防风雨计划对健康和财务的影响，考虑到 财务担忧、认知功能以及睡眠质量和持续时间的新的或尚未充分研究的结果。我们 建议招募三类参与者： 寒冷气候下的低成本防风雨计划参与者 （密歇根州底特律）、寒冷气候下高成本的防风雨项目（威斯康星州麦迪逊）以及高成本的防风雨项目 温暖气候下的成本防风雨计划（田纳西州孟菲斯）。在睡眠周期的纵向研究中 测量（体动记录仪）、多次调查以及每小时一次的室内温度和湿度监测 对于参与一年以上的人，我们的目标是描述 1) 室内温度与 认知功能与睡眠质量和持续时间以及 2) 低成本和高成本气候化的关联 方案与室内环境参数（温度、湿度）和经济无忧。在目标 3) 中，我们将 从以下两个方面描述低成本和高成本的气候化计划对健康的货币化影响 社区范围内的空气污染效益（与减少能源消耗有关）和特定接受者的健康 先前研究中确定的好处以及目标 1 和 2 的任何好处。这项研究将推进我们的研究 减少极端天气对健康影响的长期目标，描述极端天气对健康的影响 家庭环境，并减少能源生产和使用对健康影响的差异。这 研究将为能源效率和防风雨补贴政策提供信息，考虑到医疗 住房升级支出节省可能会减少州或联邦政府的补贴 医疗保健支出。此类干预措施可以通过改善室内环境来改善老年人的健康 温度和公用事业成本的降低，并帮助家庭减轻（通过减少能源 使用）并适应极端天气。