Development and validation of a law-cost cerebral oximeter for detection of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease

项目摘要/摘要。 现在人们了解到，脑血管功能障碍会导致一系列神经认知障碍。 包括典型衰老的认知能力下降以及更严重的损害 由血管疾病和痴呆症引起。脑血管病变在患者中也非常普遍。 与阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一个重要的因素，促成了从独立的 与阿尔茨海默氏症相关的功能依赖的轻度认知障碍状态。因此， 血管健康和疾病是导致认知老化和疾病异质性的重要机制 进展为血管性痴呆和阿尔茨海默氏症。与AD和其他疾病的蛋白质病不同 神经退行性疾病，血管健康可以通过行为和生活方式立即改变 因素，以及一系列与药物和器械相关的干预措施。因此，发展是至关重要的。 可用于最早检测的脑血管健康指标的定量跟踪方法 可能需要干预的异常阶段。最理想的情况是，这样的技术将是无线的， 移动/网络接口，并且成本非常低，允许访问传统的医疗 服务不足的人群。我们已经设计并制作了这样一种装置的原型，它将允许广泛 老年人的脑血管监测。这个R21提案的目标是完成开发， 并验证这种可用于脑血管疾病筛查的新型低成本脑氧仪 这会导致认知障碍，增加AD发生的风险。为此，我们将致力于 具体目标1：1a)完成我们现有开发设备的设计、外壳和编程；1b) 优化设计，以实现高性能和可靠的生理信号检测；目标2：2)验证 低成本移动血氧仪相对于黄金标准高级脑血氧仪的性能；2b)至 验证低成本移动血氧仪相对于获得的脑生理测量的性能 通过核磁共振成像。拟议中的传感器将促进广泛的脑血管监测 在血管功能障碍和神经认知障碍的风险人群中。最终，在未来，我们的目标是 该传感器将被翻译为用于一般初级保健和专科临床的临床实践 使用。

Project Summary/Abstract. It is now understood that cerebrovascular dysfunction contributes to a host of neurocognitive disorders including the reduction in cognitive capacity with typical aging as well as the more serious impairments resulting from vascular disease and dementia. Cerebrovascular pathology is also highly prevalent in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and is an important factor contributing to the conversion from an independent state of mild cognitive impairment to the functional dependence associated with Alzheimer’s dementia. Thus, vascular health and disease are important mechanisms contributing to heterogeneity in cognitive aging and progression to vascular and Alzheimer’s dementias. Unlike the proteinopathies of AD and other neurodegenerative conditions, vascular health is immediately modifiable through behavioral and lifestyle factors, as well as a range of pharmacological and device related interventions. Thus, it is critical to develop methods for quantitative tracking of metrics of cerebrovascular health that could be used to detect the earliest stages of abnormalities that may require intervention. Optimally, such technology would be wireless, mobile/web interfacing and would be very low cost allowing for accessibility to traditionally medically underserved populations. We have designed and prototyped such a device that would permit widespread cerebrovascular monitoring in older adults. The goal of this R21 proposal is to complete the development of, and to validate this novel low-cost cerebral oximeter that can be used to screen for cerebrovascular disorders that contribute to cognitive impairment and increase risk for the development of AD. To do so, we will aim to Specific Aim 1: 1a) complete the design and casing and programming of our existing developed device; 1b) to optimize the design for high performance and reliable physiological signal detection; Aim 2: 2a) to validate performance of the low-cost mobile oximeter relative to gold standard high grade cerebral oximeter; 2b) to validate performance of the low-cost mobile oximeter relative to cerebral physiology measurements obtained by magnetic resonance imaging. The proposed sensor would promote widespread cerebrovascular monitoring in individuals at risk for vascular dysfunction and neurocognitive disorders. Ultimately, in the future, we aim for this sensor to be translated for use in clinical practice for generalized primary care as well as specialty clinical use.