Real-Time Assessment of Lung Structure and Function in CF Patients using Electrical Impedance Tomography

项目摘要 囊性肺疾病是一种遗传性肺部疾病，其特征是肺结构进行性下降和 功能。使用CT扫描和肺功能测试(PFT)的黄金标准来评估 肺的结构和功能分别受到施加到肺的电离辐射的阻碍。 CT扫描中的患者，以及非常年轻的患者无法进行PFTs。的目标是 本研究旨在确定电阻抗断层扫描(EIT)是否能提供敏感的 各年龄段CF患者肺结构和功能改变的测量。为了检验这一假说 我们将研究EIT图像和衍生措施的能力，以通过 一项为期3年的急性PE治疗前后的纵向研究。这个项目是 长期目标的一部分是为慢性肺部疾病患者开发EIT系统。 EIT是一种非侵入性、非电离的功能成像技术，其中图像是从 在人体电极上测量的电压，由潜伏的外加电流引起。自.以来 EIT是一种安全、便携、无破坏性的技术，可以根据需要使用。这 研究建立在前一笔赠款的结果基础上，在这笔赠款中，有很强的相关性 在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的EIT肺功能测量和PFT输出测量之间， 并演示了识别空气滞留的能力。 在这项工作中，将开发新的EIT硬件和算法来获得三维重建 具有在所有电极上提供最高信噪比(SNR)的电流图案。这个 设计和验证这种改进的高性能EIT系统是首要目标。 第二个特殊目标是开发用于计算区域曝气量的三维算法。 并绘制了三维的通气性灌流比(V/Q)图，以及识别和定量的结果 空气滞留和固结的区域。第三个目标是确定EIT的能力 通过以下步骤确定随着疾病进展而发生的功能和结构生理变化 一项具有以下亚目标的临床研究：确定EIT是否可以作为选择性 CT用于识别空气滞留和固结区域的替代方案，EIT是否可以提供 关于急性PE治疗反应的临床有用信息，以及EIT是否可以 提供有关肺部结构变化的纵向信息。 1

Project Summary Cystic brosis is a genetic lung disease marked by progressive decline in lung structure and function. Use of the gold standards of CT scans and pulmonary function tests (PFT's) to assess lung structure and function, respectively, are hindered by the ionizing radiation applied to the patient in CT scanning, and the inability of very young patients to perform PFTs. The goal of this research is to determine whether electrical impedance tomography (EIT) can provide sensitive measures of changes in lung structure and function in CF patients of all ages. To test this hypothesis we will study the ability of EIT images and derived measures to detect structural changes through a 3 year longitudinal study and changes pre and post-treatment for an acute PE. This project is part of a long term goal to develop an EIT system for imaging patients with chronic lung disease. EIT is a noninvasive, non-ionizing functional imaging technique in which images are formed from voltages measured on electrodes on the body arising from imperceptilbe applied currents. Since EIT is a safe and portable technology with no damaging side e ects, it can be used as needed. This research builds on the results of a previous grant in which a strong correlation was demonstrated between EIT-derived measures of pulmonary function and PFT output measures in CF patients, and the ability to identify air trapping was demonstrated. In this work, novel EIT hardware and algorithms will be developed to obtain 3-D reconstructions with current patterns that provide the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on all electrodes. The design and validation of this improved high performance EIT system is the rst speci c aim. The second speci c aim is to develop algorithms in 3-D for the computation of regional aeration and ventilation perfusion ratio (V/Q) maps in 3-D, and for the identi cation and quanti cation of regions of air trapping and consolidation. The third aim is to determine the ability of EIT to identify functional and structural physiological changes that occur with disease progression through a clinical study with the following subaims: to determine whether EIT can serve as a selective alternative for CT to identify regions of air trapping and consolidation, whether EIT can provide clinically useful information about response to treatment for an acute PE, and whether EIT can provide longitudinal information about structural changes in the lung. 1