Improving Breast Cancer Risk Prediction for African American Women: Consideration of Estrogen Receptor Subtype-Specific Risk Factors

改善非裔美国女性乳腺癌风险预测：考虑雌激素受体亚型特异性风险因素

• 批准号: 10322441
• 负责人: Julie R Palmer
• 金额: $ 25.42万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-01-08 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10322441
• 关键词: African American; Age; Age Factors; Body Size; Breast Cancer Detection; Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool; Breast Cancer Risk Factor; Breast Feeding; Calibration; Cancer Prevention Trial; Case-Control Studies; Chemoprevention; Chemopreventive Agent; Clinical; Data; Data Pooling; Decision Making; Diagnosis; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Early treatment; Eligibility Determination; Enrollment; Estrogen Receptor Status; Estrogen Receptors; Estrogen receptor negative; Ethnic group; Etiology; Failure; Family history of; Future; Gene Frequency; Genetic; Genotype; Guidelines; High Risk Woman; Hormone use; Incidence; Individual; Malignant Neoplasms; Mammography; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Odds Ratio; Online Systems; Pathway interactions; Patients; Penetrance; Performance; Population; Population Study; Postmenopause; Preventive treatment; Primary Health Care; Probability; Prospective Studies; Prospective cohort; Publishing; Questionnaires; Relative Risks; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Estimate; Risk Factors; SNP array; Specific qualifier value; Tamoxifen; Testing; Tumor Subtype; Woman; Women' s Health; base; black women; breast density; cancer subtypes; case control; cost; genetic variant; genome wide association study; genome-wide; hazard; high risk; improved; indexing; interest; malignant breast neoplasm; model development; mortality; non-genetic; novel; novel strategies; older women; parity; patient health information; personalized risk prediction; precision medicine; predictive modeling; predictive tools; programs; prospective; risk prediction; risk prediction model; risk variant; supplemental screening; time interval; tool; young woman

PROJECT SUMMARY Improved breast cancer risk prediction is of critical importance for African American (AA) women in view of their younger age at diagnosis, higher incidence of the most aggressive subtypes (e.g., estrogen receptor negative (ER-) breast cancer), and 40% higher breast cancer mortality compared with white women. Several models, including the well-known Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (Gail model), have been developed, largely in white populations, to assess a woman’s absolute risk of breast cancer; they have been used to identify high-risk women for supplemental screening, preventive treatment, and enrollment in chemoprevention trials. Only two prediction models have been developed specifically for AA women and both have low discriminatory accuracy. Recent research by our group and others indicates distinct etiologic pathways for breast cancer subtypes defined by ER status in that associations with parity, breastfeeding, postmenopausal hormone use, and body size differ by ER status. For example, high parity is associated with reduced risk of ER+ cancer and with increased risk of ER- cancer. The relatively poor discriminatory accuracy of breast cancer risk prediction models in AA women may reflect the failure to properly consider tumor subtypes. This is a lesser concern in other ethnic groups in which the vast majority of cases are ER+, whereas up to a third of AA cases are ER-. In a novel approach, we will first estimate ER specific relative risk estimates from analyses of pooled data from AA women in three population-based case-control studies, including 1382 ER- and 2275 ER+ breast cancer cases, as well as 3341 controls. We will then use those estimates, together with SEER age-incidence rates for ER+ and ER- breast cancer in AA women to estimate baseline age-specific hazard rates for ER+ and ER- cancer. Finally, we will combine relative risks and baseline hazards, taking into account competing risks, to estimate the probability of developing the first of either ER+ or ER- breast cancer over a pre-specified time interval given a woman’s age and risk factors. Performance of the ER specific models and the overall tool for predicting any breast cancer will be tested in prospective cohort data from the Black Women’s Health Study (BWHS), based on occurrence of 703 ER- and 1502 ER+ cases. Existing risk prediction models for AA women will also be applied to the prospective BWHS data in order to compare their performance with performance of our new tool. Although genome-wide genotyping is not yet a part of each patient’s medical records, to set the stage for such genotyping in the future, in a second aim we will add SNPs associated with breast cancer subtypes identified in GWAS and fine-mapping of AA women to the models and evaluate changes in performance. Improved breast cancer risk prediction models in AA women will lead to earlier detection and treatment of high risk women, and thereby to reduced breast cancer mortality.

项目总结