Exposures, Health Impacts, and Risk for Mine Waste Contamination

矿山废物污染的暴露、健康影响和风险

• 批准号: 10453009
• 负责人: Raina M Maier
• 金额: $ 1.54万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-04-01 至 2022-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10453009
• 关键词: Academia; Accounting; Address; Affect; Alaska Native; American Indians; Area; Arizona; Arsenic; Assessment tool; Awareness; Biological Availability; CYP2A5 gene; Chronic; Climate; Communities; Complex; Data; Data Analyses; Deposition; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Disadvantaged; Disease; Dust; Environment; Environmental Health; Exhibits; Exposure to; Future; Genes; Geology; Goals; Hazardous Waste; Health; Hispanics; Home; Human; Human Resources; Immune response; Incidence; Industry; Ingestion; Inhalation; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Measurable; Mediating; Mediation; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolic syndrome; Metals; Mexican Americans; Minerals; Mining; Mission; Modeling; Molecular; Native Americans; Not Hispanic or Latino; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Phenotype; Plants; Policy Maker; Pollution; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Property; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Role; Route; Scientist; Severities; Signal Transduction; Site; Soil; Southwestern United States; Superfund; Tail; Technology; Toxic effect; Training; Translational Research; Universities; Vulnerable Populations; Work; community engaged research; community engagement; data management; design; diabetic; diabetogenic; drinking water; experience; ground water; gut microbiome; implementation tool; innovation; prevent; programs; remediation; sociodemographics; success; tribal lands; wasting

PROJECT SUMMARY (Overall Core: Maier and Zhang) The University of Arizona Superfund Research program (UA SRP) addresses the unique human health risks encountered in the US Southwest, an area with a rich history and future of mining. The Southwest has distinct geologic and climatic attributes that affect human health and exposures to pollution. Groundwater in Southwest regions with rich ore deposits often has elevated arsenic levels, leading to exposure from drinking water. Exposure also occurs by inhalation and ingestion of arsenic-associated mining dusts transported from mining sites into the interior of homes and to exterior environments. Importantly, arsenic exposure has been linked to the development of diabetes. Vulnerable populations residing near mining sites, including Native Americans and Hispanic communities, exhibit increased incidence of diabetes. Our goal is to determine how chronic exposure to mine wastes that contain arsenic contributes to the development of diabetes. We will then use this information to help predict exposures and associated health outcomes as well as to inform public health prevention strategies in communities that neighbor mine waste sites. To achieve this goal, we have five research projects and four cores that will: 1) characterize how chronic mine waste arsenic exposure in mining impacted areas is linked to diabetogenic outcomes through mediation of Nrf2 signaling; 2) determine how the gut microbiome and mining waste mineral properties influence arsenic species transformation, bioavailability, and toxicity; 3) investigate the influence of capping material quality on success of mine waste revegetation to enhance cap and plant remediation technology; 4) model exposures to mining waste contaminants, accounting for socio-demographics, to understand risk factors that drive development of diabetes; 5) mitigate the human impacts of exposure to mining waste through effective interaction with stakeholders including regulators, the mining industry, and affected communities; 6) serve as a global resource for human and environmental health issues associated with metal mining; and 7) train and graduate professionals who are equipped to address complex 21st century environmental hazardous waste problems (Aim 7). The expected outcome of this UA SRP effort is a measurable reduction in diabetes (and other diseases) in mining communities and perhaps beyond.

项目概要（总体核心：Maier和Zhang） 亚利桑那大学超级基金研究计划（UA SRP）解决了独特的人类健康风险 在美国西南部，一个拥有丰富历史和未来采矿的地区。西南地区有着独特的 影响人类健康和暴露于污染的地质和气候属性。西南地区地下水 矿藏丰富的地区往往砷含量高，导致饮用水中的砷暴露。 接触也发生在吸入和摄入从采矿业运来的与砷有关的采矿粉尘 进入家庭内部和外部环境。重要的是，砷暴露与 糖尿病的发展。居住在矿区附近的弱势群体，包括美洲原住民和 西班牙裔社区的糖尿病发病率增加。我们的目标是确定慢性暴露 开采含有砷的废物会导致糖尿病的发生。我们将利用这些信息 帮助预测暴露和相关的健康结果，并为公共卫生预防战略提供信息 在邻近矿山废弃地的社区。为了实现这一目标，我们有五个研究项目和四个 核心，将：1）描述采矿影响地区的长期矿山废物砷暴露如何与 通过Nrf 2信号传导介导的糖尿病结果; 2）确定肠道微生物组和采矿如何 废物矿物性质影响砷的形态转化、生物有效性和毒性; 3）研究 覆盖材料质量对矿山废弃物植被恢复成功影响 补救技术; 4）采矿废物污染物暴露模型，考虑社会人口统计学， 了解导致糖尿病发展的风险因素; 5）减轻暴露于 通过与包括监管机构、采矿业在内的利益相关者的有效互动， 6）作为与人类和环境健康问题有关的全球资源， 金属采矿;和7）培训和毕业专业人员谁配备，以解决复杂的世纪 环境危险废物问题（目标7）。这项普遍获得服务战略更新项目工作的预期成果是可衡量的， 减少采矿社区和其他地区的糖尿病（和其他疾病）。