Development and Applications of Unnatural Organisms with a 21 Amino Acid Genetic Code
Development and Applications of Unnatural Organisms with a 21 Amino Acid Genetic Code
批准号:
10640232
负责人:
Han Xiao
金额:
$37.84万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-09-01 至 2024-06-30
关键词:
Amino AcidsAmino Acyl-tRNA SynthetasesAnabolismAntibodiesBiochemicalCellsCollectionDevelopmentEnzymesEukaryotic CellEvolutionFluorescence-Activated Cell SortingGenerationsGenetic CodeGenetically Modified OrganismsGoalsImmunologic ReceptorsLibrariesMedicineMetabolicModern MedicineNucleotidesOrganismPathway interactionsProkaryotic CellsProliferatingProtein BiosynthesisProteinsResearchSiteSpecificityStructureTherapeuticTransfer RNATranslationsTreatment EfficacyTriplet Multiple BirthVaccinesVariantantibody conjugatebiological systemschimeric antigen receptordesignenzyme activityimmunoengineeringinterestmutantnext generationnovelnovel therapeuticspreventprogramstherapeutic developmenttherapeutic proteintherapy developmenttool
中文摘要
点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要
英文摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT
In most organisms, the genetic code, consisting of 64 triplets of nucleotides, encodes 20 amino acid building
blocks used in the synthesis of proteins. The overall goal of the PI’s research program is to develop
interdisciplinary tools to reprogram the genetic code to precisely probe and manipulate biological systems.
Central to reprogramming the genetic code is our ability to add noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) to proteins of
interest. The overall goal of this proposal is to develop cells able to biosynthesize and utilize ncAAs and explore
the utility or these unnatural organisms in protein evolution and therapy development. To achieve this goal, the
first research direction will focus on the generation of completely autonomous organisms with a variety of 21st
amino acids. The prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells with the 21st amino acid will harbor a biosynthetic pathway and
a bioorthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS)/tRNA pair for the new amino acid building block. The
biosynthesis pathway of ncAAs will be obtained from other species or via metabolic repurposing. To site-
specifically incorporate these ncAAs into proteins, we will evolve bioorthogonal aaRS/tRNA pairs and add them
to the cells. The resulting organisms with a 21st amino acids will allow for the evolution of proteins with novel
activities as well as the development of new therapies. To evolve novel or enhanced enzyme activity not
accessible by the 20 canonical amino acids, a library of ncAA-containing enzyme mutants will be generated in
the unnatural organisms and subjected to a fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-based or survival
selection. The evolved ncAA-dependent enzymes can be used to prevent the unintended proliferation of
genetically modified organisms or to prepare autotrophic vaccines. Next, we will explore the utility of these
unnatural organisms with additional protein building blocks for therapeutic development. The prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells able to biosynthesize and utilize amino acids with bioorthogonal handles will be used to produce
antibody variants with optimized therapeutic efficacy. Engineered immune cells with additional building blocks
will allow for the redirection of the specificity of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-immune cells, thus providing a
new design strategy for switchable CAR-immune cells. Our efforts in this project will yield a collection of
organisms with additional amino acids building blocks, and will result in versatile platforms for ncAA-based
protein evolution or therapeutic proteins that could revolutionize modern medicine.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.dyepig.2020.109014
发表时间:
2020-11
期刊:
Dyes and pigments : an international journal
影响因子:
--
作者:
[A. Loredo;Lushun Wang;Shichao Wang;Han Xiao]
通讯作者:
A. Loredo;Lushun Wang;Shichao Wang;Han Xiao
DOI:
10.1039/d0sc01009j
发表时间:
2020-05-07
期刊:
Chemical science
影响因子:
8.4
作者:
[Loredo A, Tang J, Wang L, Wu KL, Peng Z, Xiao H]
通讯作者:
Xiao H
DOI:
10.1002/cbic.202000602
发表时间:
2021-02-02
期刊:
Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology
影响因子:
--
作者:
[Tang J, Yu C, Loredo A, Chen Y, Xiao H]
通讯作者:
Xiao H
DOI:
10.1128/mbio.02529-21
发表时间:
2021-12-21
期刊:
mBio
影响因子:
6.4
作者:
[Cameron TA, Vega DE, Yu C, Xiao H, Margolin W]
通讯作者:
Margolin W
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批准号:10736034
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$66.62万
-
财政年份:2023
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依托单位:
Development of Bone-Targeting Antibodies for Ewing Sarcoma Using Genetic Code Expansion
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批准号:10600106
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$17.15万
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财政年份:2021
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负责人:Han Xiao
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依托单位:
Development of Bone-Targeting Antibodies for Ewing Sarcoma Using Genetic Code Expansion
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批准号:10383663
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$17.15万
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财政年份:2021
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负责人:Han Xiao
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依托单位:
Development and Applications of Unnatural Organisms with a 21 Amino Acid Genetic Code
-
批准号:10433887
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$37.84万
-
财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Han Xiao
-
依托单位:
Development and Applications of Unnatural Organisms with a 21 Amino Acid Genetic Code
-
批准号:10194550
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$37.84万
-
财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Han Xiao
-
依托单位:
Development and Applications of Unnatural Organisms with a 21 Amino Acid Genetic Code
-
批准号:9797768
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$33.3万
-
财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Han Xiao
-
依托单位:
Development and Applications of Unnatural Organisms with a 21 Amino Acid Genetic Code
-
批准号:10002259
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$33.3万
-
财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Han Xiao
-
依托单位:
海外基金