Gender Nonconformity in Prepubescent Children: A Longitudinal Study

项目总结/摘要 这项拟议研究的目的是建立一个全国性的青春期前变性人/性别- 研究对象为TGNC儿童（及其父母），并纵向观察这一队列， 关于TGNC儿童性别发展和认知的经验知识，他们的心理健康 随着时间的推移，女性学和功能，以及家庭发起的社会性别转变如何预测或 减轻心理健康症状和/或诊断。参与者将在以下任一地点招募和入组： 四个性别中心专门负责照顾她们（洛杉矶儿童医院/南加州大学; 芝加哥Lurie儿童医院/西北大学;波士顿儿童医院/哈佛医学 学校;贝尼奥夫儿童医院/加州大学旧金山分校弗朗西斯科），并随访超过2年 观察期，临床和行为数据收集从青春期前TGNC儿童和他们的 每隔6个月给父母一次。拟议的研究将使用最先进的措施，并利用统计 以人为中心的分析方法的进步（即，潜在类别分析和潜在转换分析）， 解决以前研究中的不一致，这些研究主要集中在以变量为中心的方法。的 拟议的研究利用了美国唯一一个由NIH资助的儿科性别中心网络的资源 （资助#R01HD082554），扩大目前的合作（研究TGNC青少年），包括一个 青春期前TGNC儿童的年轻和未充分研究的队列。这些网站共同拥有一个长期目标 并预计扩大调查到一个研究计划，审查的经验和需求， TGNC青年从幼儿期到成年早期。这一建议建立了一个理想的框架， 继续从为这项初步工作招募的队列中收集纵向数据，并了解 基于在青春期周围的伴随研究中招募的队列，该人群的其他复杂性 和青春期TGNC青少年（批准编号R 01-HD 082554）。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The purpose of this proposed study is to establish a national cohort of prepubertal transgender/gender- nonconforming (TGNC) children (and their parents), and longitudinally observe this cohort to expand the body of empirical knowledge pertaining to gender development and cognition in TGNC children, their mental health symptomology and functioning over time, and how family-initiated social gender transition may predict or alleviate mental health symptoms and/or diagnoses. Participants will be recruited and enrolled either at one of four Gender Centers dedicated to their care (Children's Hospital Los Angeles/University of Southern California; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago/Northwestern University; Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School; Benioff Children's Hospital/University of California San Francisco), and followed over a 2-year observational period, with clinical and behavioral data collected from prepubertal TGNC children and their parents at 6-month intervals. The proposed study will use state-of-the-art measures and utilize statistical advances in person-centered analytical approaches (i.e., latent class analysis and latent transition analysis) to address inconsistencies in prior studies, which have focused primarily on variable-centered approaches. The proposed study leverages the resources of the only NIH-funded network of US-based pediatric gender centers (Grant #R01HD082554), expanding on this current collaboration (studying TGNC adolescents) to include a younger and understudied cohort of prepubertal TGNC children. Together, these sites share a long-term goal and anticipate expanding investigation into a program of research that examines the experiences and needs of TGNC youth from early childhood through early adulthood. This proposal sets up an ideal framework to continue collecting longitudinal data from the cohort recruited for this initial work, as well as understand the additional complexities of this population based on the cohorts recruited in the companion study of peripubertal and pubertal TGNC adolescents (Grant #R01-HD082554).