Development-Induced Displacement and Women and Children's Well-Being

项目摘要 据估计，未来10年将有2亿人被迫迁徙，为发展让路。 包括水电大坝、矿山和城市基础设施在内的项目，对 他们的长期健康和福祉。发展引起的流离失所和重新安置(DIDR) 对低收入和中等收入国家的弱势人口造成不成比例的影响，并经常导致 贫穷、失业和社会资本的损失。虽然研究表明DIDR可能与 由于健康状况不佳，流离失所对弱势群体--妇女和儿童--的影响在很大程度上是未知的。 该项目使用一种新的纵向研究设计来揭示DIDR和女性之间的复杂动态 以及儿童的健康和福祉。我们将重点关注因贝洛蒙特大坝而流离失所的家庭， 最近在巴西亚马逊地区竣工，是世界第四大水电站。这个 大多数流离失所者是居住在阿尔塔米拉市的城市家庭。我们将跟踪并进行 对阿尔塔米拉流离失所和非流离失所母亲的样本进行了深入采访，这些母亲最初是 在2010/2011年进行的调查。通过将后续深度访谈数据与基线家庭调查数据联系起来，我们将 确定妇女和儿童如何经历和应对DIDR，发现谁最脆弱，以及 探索DIDR和幸福感之间观察到的关系的潜在机制。具体目标是 (1)开发一个独特的纵向数据集，将调查和访谈数据结合在一起，用于定性分析。 选择90名18岁以下儿童的母亲作为访谈样本，按流离失所状况(重新安置)进行分层 在新的社区，用现金补偿，而不是流离失所)和教育程度；(2)调查 随着时间的推移，妇女和儿童体验和应对DIDR的方式，重点是(1)儿童的福祉- (2)孕产妇、婴儿和生殖健康(产前护理、出生结果、 母乳喂养行为、获得计划生育的机会)；和(3)确定观察到的潜在机制 DIDR与妇女和儿童的健康和福祉的关系。拟议中的项目将为 R01应用程序从具有代表性的样本中收集纵向定量数据的基础 将因本奎勒大坝而流离失所的家庭，该大坝计划于本世纪末建造 巴西亚马逊，以及来自不会流离失所的家庭的控制组。的洞察力 拟议的研究以及未来的R01项目将为政策和干预提供信息，以促进更多 公平的未来重新安置。

PROJECT ABSTRACT An estimated 200 million people will be forced to migrate over the next 10 years to make way for development projects including hydropower dams, mines, and urban infrastructure, with potentially hazardous implications for their long-term health and well-being. Development-induced displacement and resettlement (DIDR) disproportionately affects vulnerable populations in low- and middle-income countries, and frequently results in poverty, unemployment, and the loss of social capital. While research suggests that DIDR may be linked with poor health, the effects of displacement on those must vulnerable—women and children—are largely unknown. This project uses a novel longitudinal study design to uncover the complex dynamics between DIDR and women and children’s health and well-being. We will focus on households displaced due to the Belo Monte Dam, which was recently completed in the Brazilian Amazon and is the fourth largest hydropower dam in the world. The majority of those displaced were urban households who lived in the city of Altamira. We will track and conduct in-depth interviews with a sample of displaced and non-displaced mothers in Altamira who were originally surveyed in 2010/2011. By linking follow-up in-depth interview data to baseline household survey data, we will identify how women and children experienced and responded to DIDR, uncover who is most vulnerable, and explore the mechanisms underlying observed relationships between DIDR and well-being. The specific aims are (1) Develop a unique longitudinal dataset that combines survey and interview data for use in qualitative analyses. Select an interview sample of 90 mothers of children under age 18, stratified by displacement status (resettled in a new neighborhood, compensated with cash, and not displaced) and educational attainment; (2) Investigate the ways that women and children experience and respond to DIDR over time, focusing on (1) children’s well- being (education, health); and (2) maternal, infant, and reproductive health (antenatal care, birth outcomes, breastfeeding behavior, access to family planning); and (3) Identify the mechanisms underlying observed relationships between DIDR and women and children’s health and well-being. The proposed project will lay the foundation for an R01 application to collect longitudinal quantitative data from a representative sample of households who will be displaced by the Bem Querer Dam, planned for construction later this decade in the Brazilian Amazon, as well as from a control group of households who will not be displaced. Insights from the proposed research as well as the future R01 project will inform policies and interventions to facilitate more equitable future resettlement.