Impact of e-cigarette characteristics on reinforcement and tobacco use patterns among current smokers

电子烟特性对当前吸烟者强化和烟草使用模式的影响

• 批准号: 10532189
• 负责人: Tracy Taylor Smith
• 金额: $ 18.69万
• 依托单位: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-01-15 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10532189
• 关键词: Aerosols; Age; Applied Research; Area; Behavior; Biological Markers; Carbon Monoxide; Characteristics; Cigarette; Cigarette Smoker; Cues; Data; Development; Devices; Double-Blind Method; Elderly; Electronic cigarette; Electronics; Elements; Environment; Funding; Goals; Grant; Health; Health Benefit; Heating; Home; Individual; Laboratories; Liquid substance; Measurable; Medical; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Pharyngeal structure; Policies; Prevalence; Psychological reinforcement; Public Health; Randomized; Reporting; Research; Research Methodology; Research Priority; Research Project Grants; Rewards; Sampling; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; South Carolina; Surveys; Temperature; Testing; Tobacco; Tobacco Control Research; Tobacco Dependence; Tobacco use; Toxicant exposure; Training; United States; United States National Academy of Sciences; Universities; Urine; Work; Writing; career; cigarette smoke; cigarette smoking; combustible cigarette; design; diaries; electronic cigarette use; electronic liquid; experience; improved; indexing; nicotine exposure; non-cigarette tobacco product; pharmacologic; preference; programs; public health intervention; public policy on tobacco; recruit; reinforcer; skills; statistics; tobacco regulation; toxicant; uptake; young adult

Abstract The prevalence of e-cigarette use has increased dramatically in recent years, particularly among young adults. Because e-cigarettes deliver fewer toxicants than combustible cigarettes, they likely offer improved health outcomes for current smokers who switch completely. However, many smokers who try using e-cigarettes do not switch completely, abandoning e-cigarettes altogether or continuing to use both products. Thus, it is important to understand the factors that lead to these variable tobacco use patterns. One of the primary determinants of e-cigarette uptake and changes in smoking behavior is the reinforcement value delivered by e- cigarette products. Product characteristics that impact nicotine delivery and sensorimotor characteristics are most likely to impact relative reinforcement value. Two of the primary product-level determinants of nicotine delivery and sensorimotor characteristics are the nicotine concentration of e-liquid and the power of the e- cigarette device. The proposed research project will investigate the impact of these characteristics on relative reinforcement value and tobacco use patterns. Current smokers (n=180) will receive an e-cigarette and e-liquid to take home and use over a three-week period. In a double-blind 2x2 design, participants will be randomly assigned to receive a low (3 mg) or high (12 mg) nicotine concentration, and either a low (20 W) or high (50 W) e-cigarette power setting. Participants will return to the lab each week to complete laboratory assessments of relative reinforcement value and provide breath and urine samples for biomarker assessments of smoke and nicotine exposure. Participants will also complete daily electronic diaries assessing tobacco use. Thus, the proposed design includes both lab-based and ecological assessments of reinforcement and tobacco use. Equal numbers of young adult (18-25) and older adult (>25) participants will be recruited to allow for exploratory analyses on the impact of age. The K01 candidate, Dr. Tracy Smith, aims to develop an independent research portfolio that seeks to understand how 1) contextual, individual, and product characteristics contribute to the use of tobacco products, and 2) we can leverage this information to improve public health through tobacco regulation, policy, and public health interventions. The proposed research project described here, along with clear training objectives, will provide the skills necessary to achieve that goal. Training objectives include gaining expertise in non-cigarette tobacco products, tobacco control research, developmental differences in tobacco use, applied research methodologies, and grant-writing. A strong team of mentors have been assembled with expertise in each of these areas. MUSC provides a stellar training environment to allow K-awardees to transition to independent research funding. The training described here is a clear progression from Dr. Smith’s prior work, provides necessary skills for obtaining research independence, and will launch Dr. Smith’s research independence in substantial, measurable ways.!

抽象的 近年来，电子烟的使用率急剧上升，尤其是在年轻人中。 由于电子烟比可燃香烟释放的有毒物质更少，因此可能会改善健康 目前吸烟者完全戒烟的结果。然而，许多尝试使用电子烟的吸烟者 不完全转换，完全放弃电子烟或继续使用这两种产品。因此，它是 了解导致这些可变烟草使用模式的因素非常重要。初级之一 电子烟的接受和吸烟行为改变的决定因素是电子烟提供的强化价值 香烟产品。影响尼古丁输送和感觉运动特性的产品特性是 最有可能影响相对强化值。尼古丁的两个主要产品水平决定因素 输送和感觉运动特征是电子烟液的尼古丁浓度和电子烟的功率。 香烟装置。拟议的研究项目将调查这些特征对相关的影响 强化价值和烟草使用模式。当前吸烟者 (n=180) 将收到电子烟和电子烟液 带回家并在三周内使用。在双盲 2x2 设计中，参与者将被随机分配 分配接受低（3 毫克）或高（12 毫克）尼古丁浓度，以及低（20 W）或高（50 W）尼古丁浓度 电子烟功率设置。参与者将每周返回实验室完成以下实验室评估 相对强化值，并提供呼吸和尿液样本，用于烟雾和烟雾的生物标志物评估 尼古丁暴露。参与者还将完成评估烟草使用情况的每日电子日记。因此， 拟议的设计包括对强化和烟草使用的实验室评估和生态评估。平等的 将招募一定数量的年轻人（18-25）和老年人（>25）参与者，以便进行探索性研究 分析年龄的影响。 K01候选人Tracy Smith博士旨在开展独立研究 旨在了解 1) 背景、个人和产品特征如何影响使用的组合 烟草制品的情况，2) 我们可以利用这些信息通过烟草监管来改善公众健康， 政策和公共卫生干预措施。此处描述的拟议研究项目以及明确的培训 目标，将提供实现该目标所需的技能。培训目标包括获得以下方面的专业知识 非卷烟烟草制品、烟草控制研究、烟草使用的发展差异、应用 研究方法和资助写作。组建了一支强大的导师团队，他们拥有以下领域的专业知识 这些领域中的每一个。 MUSC 提供一流的培训环境，让 K 获奖者过渡到 独立研究经费。这里描述的培训是史密斯博士之前工作的明显进展， 提供获得研究独立性所需的技能，并将启动史密斯博士的研究 以实质性的、可衡量的方式实现独立。！