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Timing & Associative Learning

定时

基本信息

批准号：
10540710
负责人：
Peter D. Balsam
金额：
$ 44.09万
依托单位：
BARNARD COLLEGE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2003-03-05 至 2024-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10540710
关键词：
Adaptive Behaviors Animal Model Association Learning Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Behavior Behavioral Biological Brain Brain imaging Cognitive Conditioned Stimulus Corpus striatum structure Disease Dopamine Event Expectancy Extinction Foundations Future Grant Hour Human Information Theory Knowledge Learning Maps Measures Memory Mental Depression Mental disorders Modeling Performance Process Research Rewards Schizophrenia Signal Transduction Source Speed Stimulus Substance abuse problem Symptoms Testing Time Time Perception Uncertainty Work designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs drug of abuse experience experimental study information framework information processing interest member motor behavior novel therapeutic intervention psychologic response reward expectancy sensor time interval time use

项目摘要

Project Summary The ability to time underlies adaptive behavior. Precise motor behavior is carefully timed. Decisions about whether or not to take an action depend on knowledge of when they are appropriate. Memories for how long actions usually take underlies most ordinary activity such as planning a day or knowing how long it takes to cross a street. This learning of time is automatic and a foundation of behavioral organization. Disordered timing and deficits in the capacity to anticipate predictable events are associated with a number of psychiatric disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia and depression. The diminished capacity to anticipate future consequences also play a role in substance abuse disorders. Distortions in timing and anticipation are both a symptom of the disorders as well as a source of additional problems. The purpose of this research is to understand how times are learned, remembered and used to guide behavior. We explore the psychological and biological mechanisms that govern both when we make a response at the right time and those that govern our ability to withhold a response when it is the wrong time. These processes are studied in animal models that allow us to observe and alter the functioning of the cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical brain circuits that underlie these capacities. In particular, we are interested in how dopamine signaling in these circuits conveys information about time. For the first time we will study how dopamine signals to the cortex convey information about whether and when an event will occur. We will also test the hypothesis that the dopamine also conveys information about the reliability of that information. Understanding these basic mechanisms will lead to new treatment strategies and targets for a wide range of psychiatric disorders and human problems.

项目总结