Characterizing Neural Adaptation in Autism Spectrum Disorder

自闭症谱系障碍的神经适应特征

• 批准号: 10561314
• 负责人: Anila DMello
• 金额: $ 2.94万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-03-11 至 2022-08-10
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10561314
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Area; Auditory; Awareness; Behavior; Brain region; Caring; Categories; Characteristics; Child; Clinical Treatment; Cognitive; Complex; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Dimensions; Disease; Dyslexia; Event; Exhibits; Expectancy; Face; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Grouping; Heterogeneity; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Infant; Knowledge; Measures; Mental disorders; Motivation; Motor; Neurobiology; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Participant; Pattern; Persons; Prevalence; Process; Public Health; Research; Risk; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Severities; Social Adjustment; Social Interaction; Source; Specificity; Standardization; Stereotyped Behavior; Stimulus; Sum; Symptoms; Testing; Therapeutic; Voice; Work; adult with autism spectrum disorder; association cortex; autism spectrum disorder; autistic children; base; behavior measurement; clinical diagnostics; cognitive testing; cohort; communication behavior; experimental study; imaging study; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; interest; motor behavior; neural correlate; neuroadaptation; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; novel; recruit; relating to nervous system; repetitive behavior; sex; social; social cognition; social communication; societal costs; trait

Project Summary Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication, as well as the presence of repetitive behaviors and restricted interests. Given that an estimated 1 in 68 children have ASD, and the high personal and societal costs associated with caring for individuals with ASD, understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of ASD is an important public health concern. It has been suggested that individuals with ASD are less able than typically-developing (TD) individuals to predict events and optimize behavior based on these predictions. Here, I propose to test the hypothesis that adults with ASD show reduced neural adaptation across multiple domains. Neural adaptation could be a mechanism that supports prediction by differentiating between familiar and novel events. Recent evidence suggests that other neurodevelopmental disorders such as dyslexia are characterized by broad reduction in neural adaptation and in ASD reduced neural adaptation is associated with increased symptom severity. An inability to adapt to a range of stimuli might have knock-on effects on social interaction, communication, and motor behaviors. However, until this point no one has examined the specificity of neural adaptation in ASD, and it is not known whether reduced neural adaptation is the result of bottom-up stimulus- driven adaptation or top-down expectancy. I will recruit 20 TD adults, 20 age-matched adults with ASD, and a small group of 8 children with ASD for a neural adaptation functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study in which I will test the scope and limits of neural adaptation deficits across multiple domains in ASD. In a second experiment, I will recruit an additional 20 TD adults and 20 age-matched adults with ASD to probe the mechanism of reduced neural adaptation in ASD, and to determine in a second, independent cohort of participants if results of the first experiment replicate despite heterogeneity in ASD. Lastly, I will examine the dimensional relationship of neural adaptation to ASD traits continuously across participants. This work is important as neural adaptation impairments are thought to contribute to multiple psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders, including schizophrenia and dyslexia. Knowledge gained from this project will provide a better understanding of the neural underpinnings of neural adaptation in ASD, and potentially inform future neurobiological-based therapeutic treatments for ASD symptoms and other neurodevelopmental disorders.

项目概要 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种神经发育障碍，其特征是社交能力障碍 互动和沟通，以及存在重复行为和受限兴趣。给定 据估计，每 68 名儿童中就有 1 名患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD)，并且与照顾相关的个人和社会成本高昂 对于自闭症谱系障碍患者来说，了解自闭症谱系障碍的神经生物学基础是一项重要的公共卫生任务 忧虑。有人认为，患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的人的能力低于典型发展 (TD) 的人 个人预测事件并根据这些预测优化行为。在这里，我建议测试一下 假设患有自闭症谱系障碍的成年人在多个领域表现出神经适应能力下降。神经适应 可能是一种通过区分熟悉事件和新事件来支持预测的机制。最近的 有证据表明，其他神经发育障碍（例如阅读障碍）的特点是广泛 神经适应的减少和 ASD 神经适应的减少与症状的增加有关 严重程度。无法适应一系列刺激可能会对社交互动产生连锁反应， 沟通和运动行为。然而，到目前为止，还没有人研究过神经网络的特异性。 自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的适应性，目前尚不清楚神经适应性的降低是否是自下而上的刺激的结果 驱动的适应或自上而下的期望。我将招募 20 名 TD 成人、20 名年龄匹配的 ASD 成人和一名 由 8 名 ASD 儿童组成的小组进行神经适应功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 研究 其中我将测试自闭症谱系障碍多个领域的神经适应缺陷的范围和限制。在一个 第二个实验，我将另外招募 20 名 TD 成年人和 20 名年龄匹配的 ASD 成年人来探究 ASD 中神经适应减少的机制，并在第二个独立队列中确定 尽管自闭症谱系障碍存在异质性，但第一个实验的结果是否重复。最后，我将检查 参与者之间神经适应自闭症特征的维度关系。这部作品是 重要的是，神经适应障碍被认为会导致多种精神疾病和 神经发育障碍，包括精神分裂症和阅读障碍。从该项目中获得的知识将 提供对 ASD 神经适应的神经基础的更好理解，并可能提供信息 未来针对 ASD 症状和其他神经发育的基于神经生物学的治疗方法 失调。

项目成果

Respect the poster.

尊重海报。

• DOI: 10.1126/science.366.6466.766
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Science (New York, N.Y.)
• 作者: D'Mello,Anila;Flynn,Oliver
• 通讯作者: Flynn,Oliver

Exclusion of females in autism research: Empirical evidence for a "leaky" recruitment-to-research pipeline.

• DOI: 10.1002/aur.2795
• 发表时间: 2022-10
• 期刊: Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research
• 作者: D'Mello AM;Frosch IR;Li CE;Cardinaux AL;Gabrieli JDE
• 通讯作者: Gabrieli JDE

Cerebellar contributions to rapid semantic processing in reading.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2020.104828
• 发表时间: 2020-09
• 期刊: Brain and language
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: D'Mello AM;Centanni TM;Gabrieli JDE;Christodoulou JA
• 通讯作者: Christodoulou JA