Emerging Diffuse Optical Imaging Technologies for Precision Medicine

用于精准医疗的新兴漫射光学成像技术

• 批准号: 10669234
• 负责人: ARJUN G. YODH
• 金额: $ 17.27万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-20 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10669234
• 关键词: Address; Anterior; Biological Markers; Blood flow; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain region; Breathing; Calibration; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrum; Clinical; Clinical Research; Collection; Complement; Data Analyses; Data Science; Development; Devices; Diagnosis; Diffuse; Diffusion; Doctor of Philosophy; Environment; Equation; Euthanasia; Event; Exercise; Exhibits; Fiber; Fingers; Frequencies; Gases; Hair; Hair Root; Head; Health; Heart Arrest; Heterogeneity; Human; Hypoxia; Imaging technology; Intensive Care; Light; Lipids; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurable; Measurement; Measures; Mechanics; Metabolism; Methods; Microdialysis; Mitochondria; Modeling; Monitor; Motor Cortex; Nervous System Trauma; Noise; Optical Methods; Optics; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxygen; Parietal; Patients; Penetration; Physiologic Monitoring; Physiological; Positioning Attribute; Process; Property; Pyruvate; Research; Resolution; Rest; Scalp structure; Series; Services; Signal Transduction; Skeletal Muscle; Spectrum Analysis; Spirometry; Surface; System; Techniques; Technology; Thrombectomy; Time; Tissue Extracts; Tissues; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Validation; Variant; Water; Work; absorption; brain health; brain research; brain tissue; cancer diagnosis; cancer therapy; chromophore; classification algorithm; comparative; cost; cytochrome c oxidase; deoxyhemoglobin; detector; diagnostic value; diffuse optical spectroscopy and imaging; frontal lobe; healthy volunteer; hemodynamics; image reconstruction; improved; individualized medicine; injured; instrument; instrumentation; light scattering; machine learning algorithm; malignant breast neoplasm; metabolic abnormality assessment; metabolic imaging; millimeter; molecular marker; neuroregulation; novel; optical spectra; personalized care; personalized management; porcine model; portability; pre-clinical; precision medicine; pressure; real time monitoring; spatiotemporal; statistical and machine learning; success; tissue injury; tissue reconstruction; tomography; tool; treatment response

TR&D4: Emerging Diffuse Optical Technologies for Precision Medicine Project PI: Arjun Yodh, PhD Abstract This proposal aims to develop and utilize diffuse optical technologies for precision medicine. Diffuse optics is a field of biomedical optics that uses near-infrared (NIR) light to non-invasively probe living tissues located millimeters to centimeters below tissue surfaces (deep tissues). NIR light is strongly scattered in tissue but is weakly absorbed; thus, it can penetrate long distances in tissue. Under these conditions, light transport is well approximated as a diffusive process. Using this diffusion model, it is possible to quantitatively separate tissue scattering from tissue absorption and thus to carry out optical spectroscopy of deep tissues. Analysis of these optical spectra, in turn, permits determination of the concentration of tissue chromophores. Use of the diffusion equation also enables tomographic image reconstruction of tissue optical and physiological properties. The proposed work uses two types of Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy (DOS), frequency-domain (FD-DOS) and broadband (bDOS) diffuse optical spectroscopy, to measure tissue absorption and scattering, which in turn permits quantitative determination of the tissue concentrations of important physiological parameters such as oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin, lipid and water, and both oxidized and reduced forms of cytochrome-c-oxidase. The proposed work also utilizes a qualitatively different optical technique called Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy (DCS), which probes temporal fluctuations of light scattered in tissue that are sensitive to blood flow. The combination of oxygen saturation and blood flow information from FD-DOS/DCS can be used to derive quantitative information about tissue oxygen metabolism (CMRO2) based on hemodynamics. The combination of bDOS/FD-DOS and bDOS-alone can be used to derive metrics of mitochondrial (cellular) metabolism. These complementary metrics of tissue metabolism provide a new window into tissue health. The proposed projects will provide unique benefits in clinical research applications. The technology is portable, compatible with a wide range of measurement environments, and offers unique diagnostic capabilities for dynamic physiological monitoring. These capabilities, and the comparatively low cost of optical devices, complement the MRI methods under development in the center. Each aim of TRD4 addresses technological needs with potential to facilitate individualized treatment for patients, i.e., precision medicine. Aim 1 focuses on real-time bedside measurements of cerebral blood flow in regions of the brain covered by hair; it has immediate applications in intensive care studies of brain-injured patients and for real time monitoring of neuromodulation therapies. Aim 2 develops broadband spectroscopic instrumentation and combines it with FD-DOS to measure cytochrome-c-oxidase (CCO) concentration in both its oxidized and reduced forms; CCO is a molecular biomarker for mitochondrial function. Concurrent CCO and hemodynamics measurements should elucidate mechanisms of tissue injury, e.g., oxygen delivery versus mitochondrial malfunction, and could provide early warnings about brain health following CPR. Aim 3 develops, adapts, and applies traditional and emerging data science analysis strategies to enhance the value of diffuse optics tools (from Aims 1,2) for brain injury diagnosis and management; the tools will also have value for diagnosis of cancer in our Service Projects. Each application holds promise for individualizing patient care (precision medicine).

TR&D4：用于精准医疗的新兴漫射光学技术