DISPOSITION OF DRUGS OF ABUSE IN HUMAN HAIR

描述：（申请人摘要） 对毛发进行药物滥用分析是增长最快的领域 毒品检测 它也有可能被用来确定 药物滥用治疗方案中的依从性或累犯， 药物滥用流行病学研究的科学标志， 通过害怕被发现来威慑吸毒， 通过在胎儿中进行药物检测来检测胎儿中的潜在药物暴露 母亲在怀孕期间和新生儿出生时。 药物可以 当血浆或尿液中不含 可测量的药物浓度。 在上一个赠款期间，我们开发了分析方法， 测量可待因，吗啡大麻素，苯巴比妥，MDMA， 头发中含有甲基苯丙胺。 我们还确定可待因是 以剂量成比例的方式掺入动物和人的毛发中; 可待因和吗啡，而不是苯巴比妥， 与白色头发相比， 在黑色头发中有可待因和吗啡的结合位点，但在白色头发中没有; 移植到无胸腺小鼠上的人类毛发将作为 滥用药物的掺入;以及可待因可在 人的头发在30分钟内单剂量后，并继续 在头发中检测至少10周。 在本续中，我们将扩展这些发现并开发新的 研究药物掺入头发的方法。 具体来说，我们会， 1)开发分析方法，用于测量 使用LC/MSMS在头发中滥用药物; 2）定位 用电子免疫组织化学法研究毛发成分中的药物结合 显微镜可视化; 3）确定头发之间的关系 黑色素浓度和药物掺入毛发中; 4）表征 五氯苯酚进入头发，并研究其与分离的 5）确定性别和头发颜色在药物治疗中的作用 掺入人类受试者的毛发中;以及6）确定， 人类受试者，无论是活跃分裂的毛发形成细胞， 需要进行药物整合。 实现这些目标的实验将为仔细研究提供数据。 控制药物处置因素的科学研究 人发中的滥用。

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) The analysis of hair for drugs of abuse is the most rapidly growing area in drug detection. It also has the potential to be used to determine compliance or recidivism in drug-abuse treatment programs, to provide a scientific marker for epidemiological studies of drug abuse, to serve as a deterrent to drug usage by fear of detection, and to aid in the detection of potential drug exposure in fetuses by drug detection in the mother during pregnancy and in the newborn at birth. Drugs can be detected in hair at times when the plasma or urine does not contain measurable concentrations of drugs. During the previous grant period we have developed analytical methods to measure codeine, morphine cannabinoids, phenobarbital, MDMA, and methamphetamine in hair. We have also determined that codeine is incorporated into animal and human hair in a dose-proportional manner; that codeine and morphine, but not phenobarbital, are preferentially incorporated into black hair versus white hair; that there are specific binding sites for codeine and morphine in black, but not white, hair; that human hair grafted onto athymic mice will serve as a model for the incorporation of drugs of abuse; and that codeine can be detected in human hair within 30 minutes after a single dose, and continue to be detected in hair for at least 10 weeks. In this continuation, we will expand on these findings and develop new methods to study drug incorporation into hair. Specifically, we will, 1) develop analytical methods for measuring the unique metabolites of drugs of abuse in hair using LC/MSMS; 2) localize the distribution of drug binding in hair components using immunohistochemistry with electron microscopy visualization; 3) determine the relationship between the hair melanin concentration and drug incorporation into hair; 4) characterize the incorporation of PCP into hair and study its binding to isolated melanosomes; 5) determine the role of gender and hair color in drug incorporation into the hair of human subjects; and 6) determine, in human subjects, whether actively dividing hair-forming cells are required for drug incorporation. Experiments to achieve these aims will provide data for the careful scientific study of the factors controlling the disposition of drugs of abuse in human hair.