AGE AND CONTROL OF HUMAN SKIN BLOOD FLOW

描述(改编自申请者摘要)：男性和女性 65岁，非肢端皮肤血流(SkBF)对高温的反应是 明显减弱了。这一年龄相关缺陷的部位涉及 活性血管扩张系统--人类独有的非肾上腺素能传出通路 皮肤。拟议的一系列研究将系统地审查潜力。 衰老的负面影响和积极影响的机制 实施雌激素治疗。在年长的和年轻的男人和女人中，在 绝经后妇女接受或不接受各种激素替代治疗 治疗，PI计划(A)检查空间分布和异质性 主动皮肤血管扩张判断是否发生功能性变化 毛细血管丛单位密度和/或血流对SkBF的影响 使用扫描激光-多普勒成像；(B)检查震级、空间 反射介导的去甲肾上腺素能皮肤的分布和异质性 全身降温和压力感受器卸载时的血管收缩 扫描激光多普勒成像；和(C)确定一氧化氮(NO)的作用 通过检测NO依赖和非依赖来控制主动血管扩张 皮内微透析热疗过程中血氧饱和度的变化。在……里面 此外，还提出了第四系列研究，以量化 规定区域(ULPZ)和特定年龄的热交换系数 在低强度运动中，年龄较大的与较年轻的健康男性和女性相比。数据 从这最后一次拟议的调查中，SkBF减量开始运作 允许卫生组织制定政策，并对生物物理和 老年人对极端环境的生理反应。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): In men and women over the age of 65, the non-acral skin blood flow (SkBF) response to hyperthermia is significantly attenuated. The site of this age-related defect involves the active vasodilator system, a non-adrenergic efferent pathway unique to human skin. The proposed series of studies will systematically examine potential mechanisms through which the negative effects of aging and the positive effects of estrogen therapy are exerted. In older and younger men and women and in post-menopausal women taking various types of hormone replacement therapy or no therapy, the PI plans to (a) examine spatial distribution and heterogeneity of active cutaneous vasodilation to determine whether changes in functional capillary plexus unit density and/or flow contribute to alterations in SkBF using scanning laser-Doppler imaging; (b) examine the magnitude, spatial distribution, and heterogeneity of reflex-mediated noradrenergic cutaneous vasoconstriction during whole-body cooling and baroreceptor unloading using scanning laser-Doppler imaging; and (c) determine the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the control of active vasodilation by examining NO-dependent and independent changes in SkBF during hyperthermia using intradermal microdialysis. In addition, a fourth series of studies is proposed to quantify the upper limit of the prescriptive zone (ULPZ) and age-specific heat exchange coefficients in older versus younger healthy men and women during low-intensity activity. Data from this last proposed investigation operationalizes the SkBF decrement to allow policy-making by health organizations and for modeling biophysical and physiological responses of the elderly to extreme environments.