Microradiographic Guidance of Flow Modifying Stents

描述(由申请人提供)： 本项目的目的是建立一种新的高空间分辨率、快速帧速率感兴趣区(ROI)X射线探测系统--显微血管造影术(MAF)，并将其用于指导和评估用于血流改良的新型支架在治疗颅内动脉瘤中的应用。该探测器由于其大的可调增益，将能够在微R分数和更高范围内的透视曝光以及MR范围内的血管造影曝光下采集30fps。该探测器将具有可调整的像素大小，能够小于50 mU/m的像素大小，并且在典型的血管造影术KVP下操作时，高对比度空间分辨率将大于10 lp/mm。MAF将具有至少5厘米直径的视野，足以观察正在发生干预，特别是血流调节干预的小区域。MAF将与现有的商业血管造影术X射线源兼容，并安装在商业系统的X射线图像增强器X/I和体模、动物或患者之间，这样MAF就可以在需要其高分辨率ROI能力时使用，通常是在介入手术的关键时刻。此外，MAF将用于锥束旋转微血管造影术和微型计算机断层扫描(CT)，以确定准确的血流评估所需的血管管腔。此外，精确定位的新成像能力将使新设备的开发和实施成为可能：通过改变动脉瘤的血液流动特征，用于治疗脑动脉瘤的不对称、可变孔支架。为了优化新的支架设计，将探索导致血栓形成所需的动脉瘤的血流减少。此外，还将使用先进的理论和实验方法研究流动和流动修改的细节。最后，高分辨率显微荧光检测仪的临床应用将用于评估支架在人类患者脑血管系统中用于血流调节的使用情况。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The aim of this project is to build a new very high spatial resolution, rapid frame rate region of interest (ROI) x-ray detector system, the micro-angiographic fluoroscope (MAF) and to use it for guiding and evaluating new stents used for flow modification in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. The detector due to its large adjustable gain will be capable of acquiring 30 fps at both fluoroscopic exposures in the fractional microR and higher range as well as at angiographic exposures in the mR range. The detector will have adjustable pixel size and be capable of pixel sizes less than 50 mu/m and will have high-contrast spatial resolution greater than 10 lp/mm while operating at typical angiographic kVp's. The MAF will have a viewing field of at least 5 cm diameter sufficient for viewing small regions where interventions and in particular flow modifying interventions are occurring. The MAF will be compatible with existing commercial angiographic x-ray sources and be mounted in such a way as to be interposed between the x-ray image intensifier, X/I, of the commercial system and the phantom, animal, or patient so that the MAF can be used when its high resolution ROI capabilities are needed, usually at critical times during interventional procedures. Additionally, the MAF will be used for cone-beam rotational microangiography and micro-computed tomography (CT) for determining vessel lumens needed for accurate flow assessment. Also, the new imaging capability for accurate localization will allow the development and implementation of new devices: asymmetric, variable porosity stents for treatment of cerebral aneurysms by modifying aneurysm blood flow characteristics. To optimize the new stent design, flow reduction in aneurysms needed to induce thrombosis will be explored. Also details of flow and flow modification will be investigated using advanced theoretical and experimental methods. Finally clinical application of the high-resolution microfluoroscopic detector will be used to evaluate the use of stents for flow modification in the cerebrovasculature of human patients.