Spatial neglect and bias in near and far space

近空间和远空间的空间忽视和偏见

• 批准号: 7034451
• 负责人: A. M. Barrett
• 金额: $ 8.07万
• 依托单位: KESSLER FOUNDATION, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-05-01 至 2009-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7034451
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); adult human (21+); amantadine; attention; behavioral /social science research tag; bias; brain injury; clinical research; cognition disorders; eye surgery; frail elderly; functional ability; human subject; human therapy evaluation; medical rehabilitation related tag; patient oriented research; person with disability; scotoma; sensorimotor system; space perception; stroke; videotape /videodisc; visual fields; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal examines spatial bias and distraction in near and far extrapersonal space. The Candidate previously observed far asymmetric attention in a patient with driving problems post-stroke. Far bias has both pragmatic and theoretical implications: it might induce impaired drivers to veer, causing accidents. Asymmetric visual-motor behavior in brain-injured subjects may be due to biased perceptual-attentional (PA) systems, biased motor-intentional (MI) systems, combined bias, or other factors. In five experiments, the Candidate will assess the proportion of error accounted for by PA and MI bias as subjects perform a video procedure in near and far space. In Experiments 1 & 2, she will manipulate performance-monitoring conditions to estimate PA/MI components of attentional bias and distractibility in near versus far space in post-stroke spatial neglect. Since months post-stroke, patients who have recovered on conventional visual-spatial tasks may still be still functionally disabled, in Experiment 3 the Candidate will examine whether separating PA and MI bias allows detection of persistent pathological errors. The Candidate will assess patients acutely post-stroke, and then repeatedly over a subsequent six months, examining evolution of near/far PA and MI bias. In Experiment 4, the Candidate will examine how monocular patching, amantadine, and combined treatment influence near/far spatial bias and distractibility. In Experiment 5, post-stroke subjects with presumed non-pathologic bias (compensated hemianopia) are compared with subjects with pathologic bias (contralateral/ipsilateral neglect) on the previous experiments. Considerable clinical and scientific training prepared the Candidate to begin this independent phase of her career. The Independent Clinical Investigator Award (K02) will provide essential time and resources as she continues her academic development. The present studies may clarify the neuropsychological mechanisms of orienting and visual-motor bias in near and far space after brain injury, contributing to the literature on brain attentional systems. However, this work may also advance understanding of safe and adaptive movement in complex environments by neurologically-impaired persons, improving their driving and functional independence.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案检查了近距离人外空间的空间偏见和分心。候选人先前在中风后患有驾驶问题的患者中观察到远不对称的注意力。远方的偏见具有务实的和理论的含义：它可能会导致驱动因素受损，导致事故。脑损伤受试者中的不对称视觉运动行为可能是由于偏见的感知性 - 注意力（PA）系统，偏见的运动透性（MI）系统，偏见或其他因素。在五个实验中，候选人将评估PA和MI偏置所解释的错误比例，因为受试者在近距离和远处执行视频程序。在实验1和2中，她将操纵性能监测条件，以估计引起偏见的PA/MI组成部分，而在冲程后空间疏忽的近距离空间和遥远的空间中，她会估算PA/MI成分。从中风后几个月以来，在常规视觉空间任务上康复的患者可能仍在功能上残障，在实验3中，候选人将检查分离PA和MI偏见是否允许检测到持续的病理错误。候选人将评估中风后急性，然后在随后的六个月内反复评估近/远PA和MI偏见的演变。在实验4中，候选人将检查单眼斑块，半疗中和综合治疗的影响附近/空间偏见和分散性。在实验5中，将具有非病理学偏置的势后受试者（补偿偏侧偏见）与先前实验中具有病理偏置的受试者（对侧/同侧忽视）进行了比较。大量的临床和科学培训使候选人准备了她职业生涯的独立阶段。独立的临床研究者奖（K02）将在她继续学习发展时提供必要的时间和资源。本研究可能会阐明脑损伤后近距离和远处的定向和视觉运动偏置的神经心理学机制，从而有助于有关脑注意系统的文献。但是，这项工作还可以提高神经受损的人在复杂环境中安全和适应性运动的理解，从而提高其驾驶和功能独立性。