Food Rheology and Feeding in Lean and Obese Humans

瘦人和肥胖人的食物流变学和喂养

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    6827023
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 27.46万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2004-08-15 至 2008-07-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The 2010 National Health Objectives call for a reduction in the prevalence of obesity. The marked recent increase in overweight and obesity prevalence implicates behavioral factors in the etiology of the epidemic. The present proposal hypothesizes the trend is attributable, in part, to increasing consumption of energy yielding beverages since they are a significant and increasing source of dietary energy and they elicit weaker appetitive and dietary responses than solid foods. Three human studies are proposed to more fully characterize attributes of liquids and solids that may account for the differential appetitive responses they elicit, potential contributory mechanisms as well as the dietary implications of their consumption. Study 1 will contrast the acute effects of fluid and solid foods varying in macronutrient content on satiation, satiety and feeding. Study 2 will determine if the pattern of fluid and solid item ingestion influences satiety and feeding by monitoring appetitive and dietary responses to energy- and macronutrient-matched fluid and solid loads ingested as meal components or between meal "snacks." To better assess the clinical implications of diets incorporating liquid or solid supplements, study 3 will entail chronic ingestion of matched energy-yielding fluid or solid loads with concurrent measurement of appetite, dietary intake, energy expenditure and body weight/composition. Because carbohydrate is the predominant source of energy in beverages and contributes disproportionately to the increasing level of energy intake, our initial search for a mechanism underlying the differential responses to fluid and solid foods relates to carbohydrate metabolism. A critical review of the literature and pilot studies suggest the glucose, insulin, leptin, neuropeptide-Y cascade may be involved and will be targeted for evaluation as part of study 3. We also have evidence implicating cholecystokinin so, this peptide will be assessed. All studies will be conducted with lean and obese individuals to explore the possibility that weaker responses to fluids by the obese may be especially problematic for energy balance in this group. This novel hypothesis regarding a differential response to energy-yielding fluid and solid foods stems from a solid scientific literature and should yield new insights for management of one of the nations most serious public health problems.
描述(由申请人提供):2010年国家健康目标要求减少肥胖症的患病率。最近超重和肥胖流行率的显著增加暗示了行为因素在流行病的病因学中的作用。目前的建议假设这种趋势部分归因于能量产生饮料的消费增加,因为它们是膳食能量的重要和不断增加的来源,并且它们引起比固体食物更弱的食欲和饮食反应。提出了三项人类研究,以更充分地表征液体和固体的属性,这些属性可能会导致它们引起的不同食欲反应,潜在的贡献机制以及它们的消费对饮食的影响。研究1将对比大量营养素含量不同的液体和固体食物对饱腹感、饱腹感和进食的急性影响。研究2将通过监测食欲和饮食对作为膳食成分或餐间“零食”摄入的能量和大量营养素匹配的液体和固体负荷的反应,确定液体和固体摄入的模式是否影响饱腹感和进食。“为了更好地评估含有液体或固体补充剂的饮食的临床意义,研究3将需要长期摄入匹配的能量产生液体或固体负荷,同时测量食欲,饮食摄入量,能量消耗和体重/组成。由于碳水化合物是饮料中的主要能量来源,并且对能量摄入水平的增加做出了不成比例的贡献,因此我们最初对液体和固体食物差异反应的机制的探索与碳水化合物代谢有关。对文献和初步研究的批判性综述表明,可能涉及葡萄糖、胰岛素、瘦素、神经肽-Y级联反应,并将作为研究3的一部分进行评估。我们也有证据表明胆囊收缩素,因此,将对这种肽进行评估。所有研究都将在瘦和肥胖个体中进行,以探索肥胖者对液体的较弱反应可能对该组的能量平衡特别有问题的可能性。这一关于对产生能量的液体和固体食物的不同反应的新假设源于可靠的科学文献,应该为管理国家最严重的公共卫生问题之一提供新的见解。

项目成果

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RICHARD D MATTES其他文献

RICHARD D MATTES的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('RICHARD D MATTES', 18)}}的其他基金

2011 Symposium on Flavors and Feeding
2011年风味与饲喂研讨会
  • 批准号:
    8205339
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27.46万
  • 项目类别:
Pre-Ingestive Influences on Solid and Fluid Food Intake in Lean and Obease Adults
摄入前对瘦和肥胖成年人固体和流质食物摄入量的影响
  • 批准号:
    8254510
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27.46万
  • 项目类别:
Pre-Ingestive Influences on Solid and Fluid Food Intake in Lean and Obease Adults
摄入前对瘦和肥胖成年人固体和流质食物摄入量的影响
  • 批准号:
    7654887
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27.46万
  • 项目类别:
Pre-Ingestive Influences on Solid and Fluid Food Intake in Lean and Obease Adults
摄入前对瘦和肥胖成年人固体和流质食物摄入量的影响
  • 批准号:
    7805563
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27.46万
  • 项目类别:
Pre-Ingestive Influences on Solid and Fluid Food Intake in Lean and Obease Adults
摄入前对瘦和肥胖成年人固体和流质食物摄入量的影响
  • 批准号:
    8465871
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27.46万
  • 项目类别:
Pre-Ingestive Influences on Solid and Fluid Food Intake in Lean and Obease Adults
摄入前对瘦和肥胖成年人固体和流质食物摄入量的影响
  • 批准号:
    8069908
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27.46万
  • 项目类别:
Interdisciplinary Training in Signals Controlling Ingestion and Obesity
控制摄入和肥胖信号的跨学科培训
  • 批准号:
    8841341
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27.46万
  • 项目类别:
Interdisciplinary Training in Signals Controlling Ingestion and Obesity
控制摄入和肥胖信号的跨学科培训
  • 批准号:
    7435733
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27.46万
  • 项目类别:
Interdisciplinary Training in Signals Controlling Ingestion and Obesity
控制摄入和肥胖信号的跨学科培训
  • 批准号:
    8667145
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27.46万
  • 项目类别:
Interdisciplinary Training in Signals Controlling Ingestion and Obesity
控制摄入和肥胖信号的跨学科培训
  • 批准号:
    8316331
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27.46万
  • 项目类别:
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