Gender,Migration,and HIV Risk among Hispanics:A Tri-National Study

项目概述：本研究继续并扩展了我们对西班牙裔人群中性别、移民和艾滋病风险之间相互作用的分析。尽管在控制艾滋病毒在美国普通人群中的传播方面取得了进展，但这种流行病仍然对西班牙裔社区构成严重威胁。也有证据表明这种疾病在拉丁美洲的移民输出国蔓延。尽管拉丁美洲移徙与艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行病之间的关系日益明显，但缺乏关于助长该疾病传播的社会进程的系统信息，限制了成功干预措施的发展。此外，尚不清楚移徙和性别因素如何相互作用影响移徙者的艾滋病毒风险，以及这些因素在不同的原籍国群体中如何变化。我们认为，了解移民群体中艾滋病毒风险的关键在于性别、文化和移民的交集。我们的理论框架将移民整合到性别与权力理论中，以理解影响西班牙裔人群性风险行为的性别和移民相关因素。具体目的是：1)比较北卡罗来纳州达勒姆的西班牙裔移民与移民社区的西班牙裔移民之间普遍存在的性行为。2)识别和比较移民对劳动力、权力和导管性别结构的影响。3)对性行为的性别和迁移相关决定因素进行实证建模。4)明确比较墨西哥和洪都拉斯人口中性别、移民和艾滋病风险之间的关系，以评估西班牙裔群体的异质性。5)与社区成员合作，构建和完善基于数据、文化、性别和国籍的性行为模型，为高危西班牙裔移民的艾滋病干预提供信息。分析数据将来自在北卡罗来纳州达勒姆和洪都拉斯和墨西哥的兄弟社区进行的一项三国调查，并辅以在美国进行的深度访谈。相关性：了解影响拉美裔人艾滋病毒风险行为的社会因素是一个主要的公共卫生问题，对遏制艾滋病毒在美洲的传播具有重要意义。这项研究的结果将提供有关性别、移民和性行为的文化基础和可靠信息，这对开发成功的针对西班牙裔群体的艾滋病干预措施至关重要。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary: This research continues and expands our analysis of the interaction between gender, migration, and HIV risks among Hispanics. Despite advances in controlling the diffusion of HIV among the general population of the U.S., the epidemic remains a serious threat to the Hispanic community. There is also evidence of the disease spreading across migrant sending areas in Latin America. Even though the relationship between Latin American migration and the HIV/AIDS epidemic is increasingly evident, a lack of systematic information about the social processes fueling the diffusion of the disease has limited the development of successful interventions. Moreover, it is unclear how migration and gender dimensions interact to affect HIV risks among migrants and how these factors vary across national origin groups. We argue that a key to understanding HIV risks among migrant groups lies in the intersection of gender, culture, and migration. Our theoretical framework integrates migration into the Theory of Gender and Power to understand the gender and migration related factors affecting sexual risk behaviors among the Hispanic population. The specific aims are to: 1) Compare prevalent sexual behaviors among Hispanic migrants in Durham, NC and their counterparts in sending communities. 2) Identify and compare the impact of migration on the gender structures of labor, power, and cathexis. 3) Model empirically the gender and migration related determinants of sexual behaviors. 4) Explicitly compare the relationship between gender, migration, and HIV risk across the Mexican and Honduran populations to evaluate the heterogeneity of Hispanic groups. 5) Construct and refine a data-derived, culture, gender, and national-origin specific model of sexual behavior in collaboration with community members to inform HIV interventions for at-risk Hispanic migrants. Data for the analysis will come from a tri-national survey conducted in Durham, NC and sibling communities in Honduras and Mexico, supplemented with in depth interviews in the U.S. Relevance: Understanding the social factors affecting HIV risk behaviors among Hispanics is a major public health concern, with important implications for containing the spread of HIV across the Americas. Findings from the study will provide culturally grounded and reliable information on gender, migration, and sexual behavior vital for the development of successful HIV interventions targeting Hispanic groups.