Trans-Golgi Network Remodeling by Microbial Factors

微生物因素对跨高尔基体网络的重塑

• 批准号: 10714609
• 负责人: Jueqi Chen
• 金额: $ 41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2028-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10714609
• 关键词: Affect; Antibiotics; Autoimmune Diseases; Bacteria; Cell physiology; Dissection; Eukaryota; Event; Foundations; Future; Genes; Goals; Gramicidin; Guanosine Triphosphate Phosphohydrolases; Health; Human; Inflammasome; Inflammatory; Knowledge; Ligands; Maintenance; Malignant Neoplasms; Medial Golgi; Metabolic Diseases; Microbe; Modification; Molecular; Morphology; Nature; Nerve Degeneration; Nigericin; Organelles; Organism; Pathway interactions; Peptides; Post-Translational Protein Processing; Protein Biosynthesis; Protein Family; Proteins; Role; Signal Transduction; Sorting; Stimulus; Structure; Therapeutic; Toxin; Vesicle; Virus; Yeasts; cytokine; genetic manipulation; glycosylation; golgin; human disease; innovation; insight; microbial; novel; rational design; screening; small molecule; tool; trans-Golgi Network

PROJECT SUMMARY Eukaryotic trans-Golgi network (TGN) has been extensively studied for its role as the major sorting compartment and the center for terminal processing and modifications of newly synthesized proteins. While the TGN is known for its dynamic nature associated with the constant flux of traffic, whether its structures can be altered in microbe-eukaryote interactions and the subsequent consequences have remained elusive until recently. Our previous study has discovered that multiple microbial factors (e.g., bacterial antibiotics nigericin and gramicidin) are able to induce the disassembly of the TGN into vesicles. These dispersed TGN vesicles then serve as a signaling platform for the assembly and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. NLRP3 pathway induces proinflammatory cytokines, and its hyperactivation has been closely associated with a wide variety of human diseases, including autoimmune diseases, cancers, neurodegeneration, and metabolic disorders. Importantly, these stimuli do not affect the closely associated cis- and medial-Golgi, indicating that it is a tightly regulated reorganization event specifically targeting the TGN. Dissection of the detailed cellular and molecular basis has been challenging because these stimuli are either small molecules or nonribosomal peptides not encoded by genes. Recently, we have discovered two groups of microbial factors, i.e., pore- forming toxins from bacteria and viroporins from viruses, as highly specific TGN-dispersing stimuli. The protein nature of these stimuli has allowed us to easily track their translocation and genetically manipulate them to study the effects on TGN remodeling. In addition, we found evidence that TGN remodeling is not only important for inflammatory signaling, but also results in altered glycosylations. The ultimate goal of this MIRA R35 proposal is to use these protein microbial factors as tools to study the detailed mechanisms and functions of TGN remodeling. We will pursue three major questions: (1) What are the regions/motifs that are critical for these stimuli to remodel the TGN? Our identification of novel TGN dispersion peptide motifs will greatly facilitate future screening and identification of other TGN dispersion ligands in both microbes and eukaryotic organisms. (2) What eukaryotic factors (e.g., TGN-localized GTPases and golgin family proteins) are involved in TGN remodeling, and how conserved are their functions in other eukaryotic species such as yeast? (3) How does TGN remodeling affect various eukaryotic cellular processes, including inflammatory signaling and proteins modifications? Our proposed studies will help fill a critical knowledge gap on the mechanisms and functions of TGN remodeling, as well as providing invaluable insights into the rational design of innovative therapeutics to mitigate a wide range of human health problems.

项目概要 真核跨高尔基体网络（TGN）因其作为主要分选的作用而被广泛研究 室和新合成蛋白质的终端加工和修饰中心。虽然 TGN 以其与不断变化的交通流量相关的动态特性而闻名，无论其结构是否可以 微生物与真核生物相互作用的改变以及随后的后果仍然难以捉摸，直到 最近。我们之前的研究发现多种微生物因素（例如细菌抗生素尼日利亚菌素） 和短杆菌肽）能够诱导 TGN 分解成囊泡。这些分散的 TGN 囊泡 然后作为 NLRP3 炎症小体组装和激活的信号平台。 NLRP3 途径诱导促炎细胞因子，其过度激活与广泛的 多种人类疾病，包括自身免疫性疾病、癌症、神经退行性疾病和代谢性疾病 失调。重要的是，这些刺激不会影响密切相关的顺式高尔基体和内侧高尔基体，这表明它 是一项受到严格监管的重组事件，专门针对 TGN。详细的细胞解剖和 分子基础一直具有挑战性，因为这些刺激要么是小分子，要么是非核糖体 不由基因编码的肽。最近，我们发现了两组微生物因子，即毛孔 细菌形成毒素，病毒形成病毒孔蛋白，作为高度特异性的 TGN 分散刺激。蛋白质 这些刺激的性质使我们能够轻松追踪它们的易位并通过基因操纵它们 研究对 TGN 重塑的影响。此外，我们发现证据表明 TGN 重塑不仅是 对炎症信号传导很重要，但也会导致糖基化改变。 MIRA的最终目标 R35提案就是利用这些蛋白质微生物因子作为工具来研究详细的机制和功能 TGN 改造。我们将探讨三个主要问题：（1）哪些区域/主题对于 这些刺激重塑了TGN？我们对新型 TGN 分散肽基序的鉴定将极大地促进 促进未来在微生物和真核生物中筛选和鉴定其他 TGN 分散配体 有机体。 (2) 涉及哪些真核因子（例如 TGN 定位的 GTP 酶和高尔金家族蛋白） 在 TGN 重塑中，它们的功能在酵母等其他真核物种中的保守程度如何？ (3) 如何 TGN 重塑是否影响各种真核细胞过程，包括炎症信号传导和 蛋白质修饰？我们提出的研究将有助于填补机制和方面的关键知识空白 TGN 重塑的功能，以及为创新的合理设计提供宝贵的见解 缓解广泛的人类健康问题的疗法。