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The "New Man" in Soviet Biology and Medicine

苏联生物学和医学中的“新人”

基本信息

批准号：
7215726
负责人：
NIKOLAY KREMENTSOV
金额：
$ 5.03万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-04-01 至 2009-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION: This proposal is to spend two years preparing a book manuscript provisionally entitled, 'Revolutionary Experiments: The "New Man" in Soviet Biology and Medicine.1 This book will explore the role of the concept of the "new man" in the institutional, intellectual, and cultural development of experimental biology and experimental medicine in Soviet Russia during the 1920s and 1930s. It aims to uncover the ways in which this concept mediated the dialogue between Russian researchers and their Bolshevik patrons. How exactly were the Bolsheviks' changing "visions" of the "new man" translated into particular institutions and research programs in experimental biology and medicine? How was the dialogue between scientists and their patrons conducted? Were Russian "bourgeois" scientists simply using the Bolsheviks' revolutionary rhetoric as a means of survival under the new "proletarian" regime? Or was there genuine overlapping between scientists' "visionary biology" and their patrons' "revolutionary dreams"? The search for answers to these questions forms the core of this project. The book will include eight chapters, covering various lines of research in endocrinology, biophysics, brain morphology and physiology, biochemistry, hematology, eugenics, and medical genetics. The research for this book will require extensive exploration of documents preserved in the archives of various Soviet agencies involved with experimental biology and medicine, as well as personal papers of numerous scientists, in Moscow and St. Petersburg. It will also require a careful examination of published sources, ranging from scholarly journals, popular magazines, and monographs to institutional reports and newspapers, many of which are unavailable outside of Russia.

产品说明：这项建议是花两年时间准备一本书的手稿，暂定名为《革命》。实验：本书将探讨“新人”概念在1920年代和1930年代苏联实验生物学和实验医学的制度、知识和文化发展中的作用。它旨在揭示这一概念如何调解俄罗斯研究人员与他们的布尔什维克赞助人之间的对话。布尔什维克对“新人”不断变化的“愿景”究竟是如何转化为实验生物学和医学的特定机构和研究计划的？科学家和他们的赞助人之间的对话是如何进行的？难道俄国的“资产阶级”科学家只是把布尔什维克的革命辞令当作在新的“无产阶级”政权下生存的手段吗？还是科学家的“有远见的生物学”和他们的赞助人的“革命梦想”之间真的有重叠？寻找这些问题的答案是这个项目的核心。这本书将包括八章，涵盖内分泌学，生物物理学，脑形态学和生理学，生物化学，血液学，优生学和医学遗传学的各种研究。本书的研究工作需要对保存在苏联各实验生物学和医学机构档案馆中的文件进行广泛的探索，以及对莫斯科和彼得堡众多科学家的个人论文进行广泛的探索。它还需要仔细审查已出版的资料来源，从学术期刊、流行杂志和专著到机构报告和报纸，其中许多在俄罗斯境外无法获得。