The "New Man" in Soviet Biology and Medicine

苏联生物学和医学中的“新人”

• 批准号: 6899538
• 负责人: NIKOLAY KREMENTSOV
• 金额: $ 5.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6899538
• 关键词: Commonwealth of Independent States; medicine

DESCRIPTION: This proposal is to spend two years preparing a book manuscript provisionally entitled, 'Revolutionary Experiments: The "New Man" in Soviet Biology and Medicine.1 This book will explore the role of the concept of the "new man" in the institutional, intellectual, and cultural development of experimental biology and experimental medicine in Soviet Russia during the 1920s and 1930s. It aims to uncover the ways in which this concept mediated the dialogue between Russian researchers and their Bolshevik patrons. How exactly were the Bolsheviks' changing "visions" of the "new man" translated into particular institutions and research programs in experimental biology and medicine? How was the dialogue between scientists and their patrons conducted? Were Russian "bourgeois" scientists simply using the Bolsheviks' revolutionary rhetoric as a means of survival under the new "proletarian" regime? Or was there genuine overlapping between scientists' "visionary biology" and their patrons' "revolutionary dreams"? The search for answers to these questions forms the core of this project. The book will include eight chapters, covering various lines of research in endocrinology, biophysics, brain morphology and physiology, biochemistry, hematology, eugenics, and medical genetics. The research for this book will require extensive exploration of documents preserved in the archives of various Soviet agencies involved with experimental biology and medicine, as well as personal papers of numerous scientists, in Moscow and St. Petersburg. It will also require a careful examination of published sources, ranging from scholarly journals, popular magazines, and monographs to institutional reports and newspapers, many of which are unavailable outside of Russia.

说明： 这项提议是花两年时间准备一本书的手稿，暂时取名为《革命》 实验：苏联生物学和医学中的“新人”1本书将探讨“新人”概念在20世纪20年代和30年代苏联实验生物学和实验医学的机构、智力和文化发展中的作用。它旨在揭示这一概念是如何促成俄罗斯研究人员与他们的布尔什维克赞助人之间的对话的。 布尔什维克对“新人”不断变化的“愿景”究竟是如何转化为实验生物学和医学方面的特定机构和研究项目的？科学家和他们的赞助人之间的对话是如何进行的？俄罗斯的“资产阶级”科学家是否只是利用布尔什维克的革命言论作为新的“无产阶级”政权下的一种生存手段？或者，科学家的“高瞻远瞩的生物学”和他们的资助人的“革命梦想”之间真的有重叠吗？寻找这些问题的答案构成了这个项目的核心。 这本书将包括八个章节，涵盖内分泌学、生物物理学、脑形态和生理学、生物化学、血液学、优生学和医学遗传学的各种研究方向。这本书的研究将需要广泛研究保存在莫斯科和圣彼得堡的各种实验生物学和医学机构档案中的文件，以及许多科学家的个人文件。它还需要仔细检查出版的来源，从学术期刊、流行杂志和专著到机构报告和报纸，其中许多在俄罗斯以外是无法获得的。