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New psychoactive substance exposure among NYC nightclub and festival attendees

纽约夜总会和节日参加者接触新的精神活性物质

基本信息

批准号：
10734617
负责人：
Joseph J Palamar
金额：
$ 69.73万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-08-15 至 2027-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10734617
关键词：
Adult Adverse drug effect Adverse effects Attention Case Study Cessation of life Cocaine Dancing Diffuse Drug Exposure Drug usage Electronic Mail Electronics Enrollment Epidemiology Event Exposure to Fentanyl Festival Future General Population Hair Harm Reduction Heroin Hospitalization Hospitals Ketamine Methamphetamine Methods Mollies Music New York City Opioid Outcome Overdose Participant Patient Self-Report Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Poisoning Population Prevalence Prevention Probability Samples Reporting Research Personnel Risk Factors Saliva Sampling Schedule Scientist Secure Seizures Social Network Specimen Surveys Testing Theoretical model Toxicology Work adverse outcome bath salts cocaine exposure cocaine use drug testing ecstasy epidemiology study fentanyl analog fentanyl exposure follow-up heroin use high risk high risk population impression innovation novel therapeutics predictive test prevent recruit saliva sample salivary assay synthetic cannabinoid time use trend willingness

项目摘要

New psychoactive substances (NPS) such as fentanyl analogs, synthetic cannabinoids, and synthetic cathinones (“bath salts”) continue to emerge at an alarming rate. We know very little about prevalence of exposure or about effects of these drugs as they emerge—largely because most people exposed are unaware that they used (as these are common adulterants added to drugs like ecstasy and heroin). More advanced toxicology methods are needed to detect exposures and most toxicology studies rely on biospecimens from those who have been hospitalized. Epidemiological survey framework including toxicology methods can help overcome the biases of relying on poisonings and quickly provide information on exposure and effects to those recently exposed, and to scientists and the public. As such, we propose this R01 which examines trends in reported drug use among a high-risk population—electronic dance music (EDM) party attendees. People who attend EDM events (at nightclubs and festivals) are at high risk for use of drugs—particularly NPS, cocaine, ecstasy (MDMA, Molly), LSD, methamphetamine, and opioids—and related adverse outcomes, including death. Given that this high-risk scene may serve as a bellwether for trends that diffuse to the general population, results will help prevent use, overdose, and death not only among EDM partygoers, but also in the general population. Through projects conducted by this team of investigators conducted between 2016 and 2021, we have identified dramatic increases in drug use and unintentional exposure to NPS. In this R01, we will continue to utilize our current R01’s recruitment methods and validated rapid drug survey (which queries use of >100 drugs) to estimate trends in drug use, but we will focus more on our new and innovative toxicological methods. Our toxicology methods will now use saliva testing to test for exposure to >1,000 drugs (including over 120 fentanyl analogs). All participants will be asked their willingness to provide a saliva sample and to take a follow-up survey to assess potential drug-related adverse effects during their night out. We will recruit 4,160 adults entering EDM parties continuously over four years using time-space sampling. This study will allow us to determine who was recently exposed to NPS (which most other labs cannot yet detect) and determine whether factors such as honesty and attention on the survey predict testing positive after not reporting use (based on our modified Impression Management theoretical model). We have confirmed the feasibility of our methods and propose four aims. First, we will estimate the extent to which saliva testing adds to prevalence of reported drug use. Second, we will determine effect profiles of exposure to new NPS as they emerge. Third, we will determine if events such as DEA scheduling of NPS predict changes in trends of NPS exposure. Fourth, we will determine if shifts in use and adverse effects are a bellwether for drug-related outcomes. We will rapidly disseminate our findings regarding NPS exposure and NPS effects in this high-risk population to prevent use and associated harms among EDM partygoers as well as the general public.

新的精神活性物质(NP)，如芬太尼类似物、合成大麻素和合成卡西尼酮(“浴盐”)继续以惊人的速度出现。我们对该病的流行情况知之甚少暴露或这些药物出现时的影响--很大程度上是因为大多数暴露于此的人并不知道他们使用的(因为这些是添加到摇头丸和海洛因等毒品中的常见掺杂物)。更高级需要毒理学方法来检测暴露，而大多数毒理学研究依赖于来自那些已经住院的人。包括毒理学方法在内的流行病学调查框架可以帮助克服依赖中毒的偏见，迅速向这些人提供接触和影响的信息最近曝光的，并向科学家和公众公布。因此，我们提出这份R01，它考察了据报道，在高危人群中使用毒品--参加电子舞曲(EDM)派对的人。那些参加EDM活动(在夜总会和节日)使用毒品的风险很高--特别是NPS、可卡因、摇头丸(摇头丸、莫莉)、迷幻剂、甲基苯丙胺和阿片类药物--以及相关的不良后果，包括死亡。鉴于这种高风险的场景可能会成为扩散到普通大众的趋势的风向标在人群中，结果将有助于预防使用、过量服药和死亡，不仅在EDM派对常客中，而且在普通人口。通过该调查团队在2016至2016年间开展的项目到2021年，我们发现药物使用和非故意接触核动力源的情况急剧增加。在这款R01中，我们将继续使用我们目前的R01‘S招募方式和经过验证的快速药物调查(哪些查询使用&gt；100药物)来估计药物使用的趋势，但我们将更多地关注我们的新的和创新的毒理学方法。我们的毒理学方法现在将使用唾液测试来测试是否接触&gt；1000种药物 (包括120多个芬太尼类似物)。所有参与者都将被问及是否愿意提供唾液样本并进行跟踪调查，以评估他们在夜间外出时可能出现的与药物有关的不良反应。我们会通过时空抽样，在四年内连续招募4160名成年人参加EDM派对。本研究将使我们能够确定谁最近接触了NPS(大多数其他实验室还无法检测到)和确定调查中的诚实和注意力等因素是否预示着之后的测试结果为阳性报道使用(基于我们改进的印象管理理论模型)。我们已经确认了对我们的方法进行了可行性分析，并提出了四个目标。首先，我们将估计唾液检测增加的程度与报告的药物使用情况有关。其次，我们将确定暴露于新核动力源的影响概况，因为它们浮出水面。第三，我们将确定NPS的DEA计划等事件是否预测NPS的趋势变化曝光。第四，我们将确定药物使用的转变和不良反应是否是与毒品有关的风向标结果。我们将迅速传播我们关于NPS暴露和NPS影响的研究结果以防止EDM派对常客以及普通公众使用和相关危害。