Development of a Rapid Survey to Detect Use of New and Emerging Drugs

开展快速调查以检测新药和新兴药物的使用情况

• 批准号: 9220804
• 负责人: Joseph J Palamar
• 金额: $ 18.54万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-02-15 至 2020-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9220804
• 关键词: Address; Adverse effects; Age; Area; Award; Bathing; Biometry; Cities; Cocaine; Communities; Dancing; Dangerousness; Data; Data Collection; Dedications; Development; Device or Instrument Development; Doctor of Philosophy; Documentation; Drug Monitoring; Drug usage; Emergency department visit; Environment; Epidemiologist; Epidemiology; Festival; Fostering; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Grant; Health; Illicit Drugs; Intention; Interdisciplinary Study; Interview; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Legal; Legal Status; Manuscripts; Marijuana; Mental Health; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Monitor; New York; New York City; Overdose; Pattern; Peer Review; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacoepidemiology; Phase; Population; Populations at Risk; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Psychotropic Drugs; Public Health; Publications; Qualitative Methods; Reliability of Results; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Safety; Salts; Sampling; Science; Scientist; Sentinel Surveillance; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; System; Time; Training; Universities; Validation; Validity of Results; adverse outcome; base; career development; club drug; design; experience; follow-up; high risk; illicit drug use; informant; insight; medical schools; metropolitan; mortality; next generation; novel therapeutics; population health; prevent; public health relevance; recreational drug use; research study; screening; skills; social stigma; symposium; synthetic marijuana; tool; trend; twelfth grade

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Mentored Scientist Career Development Award (K01) application proposes a five-year training plan to provide the Candidate with the necessary skills and experience for a future R01 submission and transition to independent research. The Candidate, Joseph J. Palamar, PhD, MPH, has shown dedication to public health through his research on drug use in New York City (NYC) and the stigma associated with recreational drug use. He has authored/coauthored 24 peer-reviewed manuscripts on the topic he seeks to investigate in this proposed project. The scientific objective of this application is to identify se and correlates of use of new and emerging drugs in venues which promote highest risk for use (e.g., at nightclubs, dance festivals). This research is critical because of the unprecedented rise in new psychoactive drugs, not currently assessed by national surveys. It is essential for timely identification and documentation of the emergence of new drugs and associated adverse effects with short-term informing of policymakers, researchers and educators. Rapid survey data is needed to contribute to drug monitoring systems and to triangulate secondary data, which generally only focus on adverse outcomes of use (e.g., overdose). The development of a survey tool and documentation of an implementation approach will allow epidemiologists to triangulate secondary drug data to inform prevention strategies, which address use of these continually emerging drugs. Using a 3-phased mixed-methods approach, Dr. Palamar will develop, validate and implement a survey tool to monitor use of new and emerging drugs among nightclub/dance festival attendees (age 18-25) as they enter venues in NYC. Specifically, he will: 1) carry out formative research to inform survey instrument development (N=40 key informant interviews), 2) design and validate an initial (longer) survey with online follow-up (N=250), based on the key informant interviews, and 3) implement a validated rapid survey (N=500) based upon the initial survey reliability and validity results. Through these research activities, Dr. Palamar will identiy and characterize use of new and emerging drugs among nightclub and dance festival attendees. Specifically, he will aim to: 1) identify and describe the current user population and potential user population (as per intent to use), 2) identify and describe frequency of use, contexts of use, modes of administration, and perceived availability, 3) examine how use and intention to use relate to use of other drugs and perceived contact with users and dealers, and 4) examine socio-demographic and attitudinal correlates of use and intention to use, reasons for use, effects from use and perceived risk associated with use. The Candidate has developed a strong team of mentors to train him throughout the proposed grant period. His mentors and consultants are from diverse backgrounds and experts in drug epidemiology, public health, qualitative methods and biostatistics. His Mentor, Dr. Scott Sherman, and Co-Mentors, Dr. Danielle Ompad and Dr. Michele Shedlin, will be fundamental to the Candidate's development into an independent substance abuse researcher. Mentoring will take place in conjunction with coursework and participation in seminars and conferences. Throughout this training plan the Candidate will: 1) enhance his ability to develop and conduct his own independent research study; 2) expand his expertise in drug use epidemiology; 3) learn time-space and venue-based sampling methodologies; 4) expand his knowledge and experience in the design, validation and implementation of surveys, which will lead to real-time data, and 5) become more advanced in analysis and dissemination of survey data. These goals will foster the Candidate's career development and expertise in drug epidemiology and contribute to the publication of peer-reviewed manuscripts that will inform prevention science and lead to an eventual R01. The proposed project will take place at the New York University School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, which has a multidisciplinary research team and integrates ground-breaking research with training for the next generation of leaders in public health. The Department is committed to training new researchers and promoting development of independent investigators. The Candidate will collaborate with epidemiologists at the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene and use their secondary data to inform and triangulate his survey data. The proposed research plan combined with the extensive resources of the institutional environment and the strong institutional support for the Candidate's professional development will assure successful implementation of this award. This carefully documented mixed-method approach will allow researchers to collect real-time data on new and emerging drug trends in nightlife scenes, and quickly inform the scientific community and the public about the use, dangers and correlates of new and emerging drugs. This information is essential to prevent increasing use and associated adverse effects and mortality associated with use of these unstudied drugs. Results will also inform prevention strategies, larger-scale studies (e.g., R01s) that compare patterns of emergence across US cities, and drug monitoring systems (e.g., local, national), enabling them to track use and associated adverse consequences of use in a more comprehensive manner.

该指导科学家职业发展奖（K 01）申请提出了一个为期五年的培训计划，为候选人提供必要的技能和经验，以便将来提交R 01并过渡到独立研究。候选人约瑟夫·J·帕勒，博士，公共卫生硕士，通过他对纽约市毒品使用的研究和与娱乐性毒品使用相关的耻辱表现出对公共卫生的奉献精神。他撰写/合著了24篇同行评审的手稿，主题是他在这个拟议的项目中寻求调查。 本申请的科学目的是确定在促进最高使用风险的场所使用新药物和新兴药物的se和相关性（例如，在夜总会、舞蹈节）。这项研究是至关重要的，因为前所未有的上升， 在新的精神活性药物方面，目前没有通过国家调查进行评估。这对于及时查明和记录新药物的出现及其相关的不良影响至关重要，并能为决策者、研究人员和教育工作者提供短期信息。需要快速调查数据，以促进药物监测系统和对二手数据进行三角测量，二手数据通常只侧重于使用的不良后果（例如，过量）。开发调查工具和记录实施方法将使流行病学家能够对二级药物数据进行三角测量，为预防战略提供信息，这些战略涉及这些不断出现的药物的使用。 使用3阶段混合方法的方法，博士Palestinian将开发，验证和实施一个调查工具，以监测夜总会/舞蹈节与会者（18-25岁）中使用新的和新兴的药物，因为他们进入纽约市的场地。具体而言，他将：1）进行形成性研究，为调查工具开发提供信息（N=40个关键线人访谈），2）根据关键线人访谈设计并验证一个带有在线随访的初始（较长）调查（N=250），3）根据初始调查的可靠性和有效性结果实施一个经过验证的快速调查（N=500）。通过这些研究活动，帕勒什博士将确定和描述夜总会和舞蹈节与会者中使用新的和新兴药物的情况。具体而言，他将致力于：1）识别和描述当前用户群体和潜在用户群体（根据使用意图），2）确定并描述使用频率、使用背景、给药方式和感知可用性，3）检查使用和使用意图如何与其他药物的使用以及与使用者和经销商的感知接触相关，以及4）检查使用和使用意图、使用原因、使用效果以及与使用相关的感知风险的社会人口统计学和态度相关性。 候选人已经建立了一个强大的导师团队，在整个拟议的赠款期间对他进行培训。他的导师和顾问来自不同的背景和药物流行病学，公共卫生，定性方法和生物统计学方面的专家。他的导师，博士斯科特谢尔曼，和共同导师，博士丹妮尔Ompad和博士米歇尔Shedlin，将是候选人的发展成为一个独立的药物滥用研究者的基础。指导将与课程作业和参加研讨会和会议一起进行。在整个培训计划中，候选人将：1）提高其制定和开展自己独立研究的能力; 2）扩大其在吸毒流行病学方面的专门知识; 3）学习基于时空和地点的采样方法; 4）扩大他在设计，验证和实施调查方面的知识和经验，这将导致实时数据，五是在调查数据的分析和传播方面更加先进。这些目标将促进候选人在药物流行病学方面的职业发展和专业知识，并有助于出版同行评审的手稿，这些手稿将为预防科学提供信息，并最终导致R 01。 拟议的项目将在纽约大学医学院人口健康系进行，该系有一个多学科研究小组，将开创性的研究与对下一代公共卫生领导人的培训结合起来。该部门致力于培训新的研究人员，并促进独立调查人员的发展。候选人将与纽约市卫生和心理卫生部的流行病学家合作，并使用他们的二级数据来告知和三角测量他的调查数据。拟议的研究计划与机构环境的广泛资源和对候选人专业发展的强有力的机构支持相结合，将确保该奖项的成功实施。 这种仔细记录的混合方法将使研究人员能够收集有关夜生活场景中新出现的药物趋势的实时数据，并迅速向科学界和公众通报新出现的药物的使用，危险和相关性。这些信息对于防止这些未研究药物的使用增加以及与使用这些未研究药物相关的不良反应和死亡率至关重要。研究结果还将为预防战略、更大规模的研究（例如，R 01），比较美国城市的出现模式，和药物监测系统（例如，地方、国家），使它们能够以更全面的方式跟踪使用情况和使用的相关不利后果。