The Neurocognitive Profile: A High Efficiency Integrated Brain-Behavior Assay

描述(由申请人提供)：神经认知功能的改变在许多睡眠、神经和精神障碍中起主要作用，并可能对生活质量、治疗效果、康复和在工作和正常日常活动中发挥作用的能力产生重大影响。目前可用于神经认知调查的方法包括传统的神经心理学评估(例如Halstead-Reitan、Wechsler Memory Batch)、神经生理测试(例如脑电、多重睡眠潜伏期测试)和行为测试(例如持续操作测试、精神运动警觉性测试)，这些方法既耗时又昂贵，而且往往需要大量的技术专业知识来管理和解释。警觉性和记忆概况(AMP)系统在一个旨在定量评估神经认知功能(包括警觉性、注意力、学习和记忆)的平台中集成了神经生理、行为和主观测量。AMP采用了一种多变量的方法，在一套易于管理的方案中结合了EEG、神经心理测试和经过验证的自我报告清单。初步研究表明，AMP可以用来表征与睡眠剥夺相关的健康受试者的警觉性、学习和记忆方面的变化，并提供一种生物行为测试来鉴定这些变化 最容易和最不容易受到睡眠剥夺影响的个人。AMP在区分高度流行、诊断不足的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)患者和健康受试者方面也被证明是敏感和特异的。AMP描述了警觉性和记忆力受损的个体特征，并量化了CPAP治疗后一些认知障碍的改善情况。从AMP数据中提取了四个神经认知因素：持续注意力、加工速度、言语记忆和视觉空间记忆。对AMP原型系统的初步调查已导致许多研究人员和临床医生对将AMP应用于睡眠医学、药物成瘾、药物评估、法医调查、人体工程学、运动医学、军事应用、教育/培训评估和职业医学的研究感兴趣。第一阶段的计划是在睡眠医学领域的工作基础上，扩大AMP平台的开发，以适应一系列潜在的应用，并与纽约大学睡眠实验室合作，在临床应用研究中迈出AMP产品发展的下一步。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alterations in neurocognitive function play a major role in numerous sleeps, neurological and psychiatric disorders and can have a significant impact on quality of life, treatment efficacy, rehabilitation and ability to function at work and in normal daily activities. The methods currently available for neurocognitive investigations including traditional neuropsychological assessment (e.g. Halstead-Reitan, Wechsler memory battery), neurophysiological measures (e.g. electroencephalogram, Multiple Sleep Latency Test) and behavioral tests (e.g. Continuous Performance Test, Psychomotor Vigilance Test) are time-consuming, expensive and often require substantial technical expertise to administer and interpret. The Alertness and Memory Profiling (AMP) system integrates neurophysiological, behavioral and subjective measures in a platform designed for quantitative assessment of neurocognitive functions including alertness, attention, learning and memory. The AMP employs a multivariate approach, combining EEG, neuropsychological tests and validated self-report inventories in an easy-to-administer set of protocols. Initial investigations revealed that AMP could be used to characterize the changes in alertness, learning and memory associated with sleep deprivation in healthy subjects and to provide a biobehavioral assay that identified those Individuals most and least susceptible to the effects of sleep deprivation. The AMP also proved sensitive and specific in discriminating patients with the highly prevalent, under-diagnosed Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) from healthy subjects. The AMP characterized individual profiles of alertness and memory impairment and quantified the amelioration of some cognitive impairments following treatment with CPAP. Four neurocognitive factors were derived from the AMP data: sustained attention, processing speed, verbal memory and visuospatial memory. Preliminary investigations with the AMP prototype systems have resulted in inquiries from a wide range of researchers and clinicians interested in applying the AMP to investigations in sleep medicine, drug addiction, pharmaceutical evaluation, forensic investigations, ergonomics, sports medicine, military applications, education/training evaluations, and occupational medicine. The plan for the Phase I is to build upon this foundation of work in the area of sleep medicine, and extend the development of AMP platform to accommodate the range of potential applications and to take the next step in the evolution of the AMP product in a clinical applications study in collaboration with the New York University sleep laboratory.