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Converging Behavioral and Neural Measures of Attention in Human Infants

人类婴儿注意力的行为和神经测量的融合

基本信息

批准号：
10303335
负责人：
DAVID J LEWKOWICZ
金额：
$ 23.97万
依托单位：
HASKINS LABORATORIES, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-07-15 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10303335
关键词：
Adult Age Attention Auditory Behavioral Brain Categories Characteristics Classification Cues Data Detection Development Devices Discrimination Discrimination Learning Electroencephalography Exhibits Eye Face Frequencies Goals Hearing Human Impairment Individual Individual Differences Infant Learning Literature Measures Memory Methodology Methods Monkeys Ocular Fixation Outcome Pattern Perception Perceptual learning Performance Peripheral Phase Population Procedures Public Health Risk Role Sensory Thresholds Series Side Stimulus Techniques Testing Time Validation Visual Visual Fields Visual attention Voice Weight base behavior measurement cognitive function covert attention design directed attention experimental study gaze habituation indexing infancy information processing innovation insight multisensory novel novel therapeutic intervention paired stimuli predicting response preference psychologic relating to nervous system response sample fixation sensory input social speech processing stimulus processing therapy design time use tool visual stimulus visual tracking vocalization

项目摘要

Attention is the filter through which all sensory inputs must pass. Therefore, attention is the gateway for perception, learning, and memory. Current understanding of attention in infancy is based on studies that measure the direction and duration of visual fixation of visual stimuli. This project investigates the likelihood that some proportion of infant visual attention constitutes the absence of active processing either due to a blank stare or to attention being directed to the periphery. If this hypothesis is correct then current findings in the literature based on infant looking may provide an inaccurate picture of infant attention and, thus, of infant processing in multiple domains of psychological functioning. The principal goal of the present project is to employ simultaneous converging measures to assess overt and covert visual attention in human infants and to relate those measures to individual differences in outcome on classic infant multisensory integration and perceptual learning/discrimination tasks. Measures of overt infant visual attention will be obtained with standard methods using both human observers and commercial eye trackers. Measures of covert visual attention will utilize an EEG frequency-tagging technique which provides a continuous measure of the brain's response to a flickering stimulus (or an annulus surrounding that stimulus) and can reveal when covert attention is reduced (or absent) even when overt attention is directed to a stimulus either because the infant is just staring or directing attention elsewhere. Our converging measures will provide moment-to-moment changes in infant looking at either one or two simultaneous stimuli and brain responses to the stimuli flickering at different temporal frequencies. Using time resolved multivariate regression, we will estimate the patterns of overt and covert attention that best predict the perceptual and memory performance during a post-test following the encoding phase in experiments examining infant matching of faces and vocalizations, infant learning and discrimination of visual objects, and infant categorization of visual objects. Overall, the current project promises to provide a methodologically innovative way to extract a purer measure of active attention in infancy than is currently possible through concurrent access to a neural marker of covert attention. This, in turn, will provide a powerful new tool for assessing the role of active attention in multiple domains of cognitive functioning in infancy in both typical and atypical populations.

注意力是所有感官输入必须通过的过滤器。因此，注意力是获得的门户