Overweight/Obesity and Smoking in Young Adult Female Twins

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案的主要目标是从遗传学和流行病学的角度研究年轻成年女性超重/肥胖史与吸烟之间的关系。吸烟和超重/肥胖本身是可遗传的，但可改变的心血管疾病风险因素，但在同一个体中两者的结合可能对发病率和死亡率的风险产生协同效应。来自密苏里州青少年女性双胞胎研究（MOAFTS）的3787名欧洲/其他血统（EA）和非洲裔美国人（AA）成员的数据将用于解决三个目标。首先，离散时间生存分析将用于检查年轻AA和EA女性中超重/肥胖与吸烟开始和进展（最初使用，经常使用，依赖和戒烟）之间的关系，以确定相关的调节因子和/或调节因子，特别是儿童性骚扰史，早熟和重度抑郁症。接下来，将使用多变量双胞胎模型技术评估超重/肥胖与吸烟开始和进展之间的遗传和环境风险的相关程度，以及超重/肥胖调节吸烟开始和进展的遗传影响的可能性。最后，将再次使用上述方法，从纵向角度在基线评估时尚未开始定期吸烟的妇女亚样本中检查超重/肥胖与吸烟开始和进展之间的关系。这项研究的结果将深入了解年轻女性吸烟和超重/肥胖同时发生的原因，并可能导致新的干预措施的发展，以减少这些危险因素的流行，并最终导致相关发病率和死亡率的降低。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary goal of this proposal is to examine the relationship between history of overweight/obesity and smoking in young adult women from genetic and epidemiologic perspectives. Smoking and overweight/obesity are heritable, but modifiable, risk factors for cardiovascular disease in their own rights, but the combination of the two in the same individual can have a synergistic effect on the risk of morbidity and mortality. Data from 3787 European/other Ancestry (EA) and African American (AA) members of the Missouri Adolescent Female Twin Study (MOAFTS) will be used to address three aims. First, discrete time survival analysis will be used to examine the relationship between overweight/obesity and the initiation and progression of smoking (initial use, regular use, dependence and cessation) in young AA and EA women to identify relevant mediators and/or moderators, particularly history of childhood sexual molestation, early maturation and major depression. Next, the degree of correlation of genetic and environmental risk between overweight/obesity and smoking initiation and progression and the possibility that overweight/obesity moderates the genetic influences on smoking initiation and progression will be assessed using multivariate twin modeling techniques. Finally, the methods described above will be used again to examine the relationship between overweight/obesity and the initiation and progression of smoking from a longitudinal perspective in a sub sample of women who had not yet begun to smoke regularly at the baseline assessment. Results from this research will provide insight into the reasons for the co-occurrence of smoking and overweight/obesity in young women and could lead to the development of new interventions to reduce the prevalence of these risk factors and ultimately lead to a reduction in related morbidity and mortality. Relevance to Public Health: The Think Tank on Enhancing Obesity Research at the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute has listed the study of "the relationships between BMI or adiposity phenotypes and cardiovascular and pulmonary disease risk factors and events among ethnic groups" as a key research recommendation. Smoking and obesity are both important heart disease risk factors, and in combination they can be particularly deadly. Therefore, it is important to better understand the relationship between smoking and obesity. Identification of common risk factors will aid in the development of interventions that can target both of these important risk factors for morbidity and mortality.