AREA III: NEUROBIOLOGY

领域 III：神经生物学

• 批准号: 7715270
• 负责人: JOSHUA WALLMAN
• 金额: $ 32.83万
• 依托单位: CITY COLLEGE OF NEW YORK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7715270
• 关键词: Affect; Alzheimer' s Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Area; Attention; Award; Behavioral; Birds; Brain; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Cell Cycle; Cells; Cerebral cortex; Cognition; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Cyclic AMP; Development; Drosophila genus; Eye; Eye Movements; Eyeglasses; Faculty; Family; Funding; Gene Expression; Genetic; Grant; Growth; Human; Institution; Intention; Knockout Mice; Learning; Mediating; Methods; Molecular; Molecular Genetics; Mus; Nematoda; Neurobiology; Neurons; Neuropeptide Gene; Organism; Paper; Patients; Pattern; Property; Reading; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Retina; Role; Saccades; Scientist; Sensory; Series; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Sleep; Source; Stimulus; Structure; Students; System; United States National Institutes of Health; Visit; Visual system structure; Work; auditory stimulus; cell type; extrastriate visual cortex; interest; lens; member; nervous system development; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; response; visual stimulus; vocal learning

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The work of Area III Neurobiology is focused on the neural mechanisms underlying development, with special concern for how the interactions among cell types in the developing organism change the function and fate of particular cells, generally via humoral factors. Of the six members of area III, five were hired through the RCMI, three within the past three years (Edelman, Li and Tchernichovski) All of the researchers are funded by external grants, including five of the members with R01 grants Jay Edelman studies how cognition and sensory signals interact to create saccadic eye movement commands in humans. Jonathan Levitt uses neuroanatomical and neurophysiological methods to study the properties of single cells in visual areas of the cerebral cortex and the rules governing connections among the different regions. He is interested in how cells' responsiveness and selectivity to visual stimuli is modified by stimuli that do not by themselves evoke responses. Christine Li uses genetic methods to understand the function and regulation of a family of neuropeptide genes in the nematode Caenorhaditis elegans. She also studies a C. elegans protein related to the human amyloid precursor protein, a cleavage product of which is prevalent in the brains of Alzheimer's patients. Ofer Tchernichovski studies developmental learning in birds. On a behavioral level his lab examines how sleep affects vocal development, on a systems level his lab studies developmental changes in brain responses to auditory stimuli, and on a molecular level, his lab studies how patterns of immediate early gene expression correlate with vocal learning. Tadmiri Venkatesh studies the molecular genetic mechanisms that regulate cell cycle exit during nervous system development in Drosophila and the role of cAMP mediated signaling pathway in neuronal development and plasticity. He has recently initiated molecular genetic studies on the role of signaling pathways during the development of the mouse retina after creating Kremen-1 knockout mice while on sabatical at Stanford. Josh Wallman studies how the visual system regulates the growth of the eye. When this regulation fails eyes become nearsighted or farsighted. He imposes defocus on the developing eye by having chicks wear spectacle lenses that make them myopic or hyperopic and studies how the growth of the eye compensates, both phenomenologically and biochemically. He also studies eye movements in humans, both with respect to plasticity and the effects of attention. Area III has also continued a Neurobiology Seminar series, with funds awarded two years ago. Our intention is to have, in addition to the seminar, a structured discussion on specific topics, prepared by having the faculty and students read papers in advance. These seminars have promoted lively conversation within the group and have led to collaborative projects with several of the visiting scientists.

该副本是利用众多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子弹和 调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构是 对于中心，这不一定是调查员的机构。 III神经生物学区域的工作集中在神经机制上 开发，特别关心细胞类型之间的相互作用 开发生物会改变特定细胞的功能和命运，通常通过 体液因素。在第三区的六名成员中，五名被RCMI雇用，三个 在过去的三年中（Edelman，Li和Tchernichovski）所有研究人员都是 由外部赠款资助，包括五名R01赠款的成员 杰伊·埃德曼（Jay Edelman 运动命令在人类中。 乔纳森·莱维特（Jonathan Levitt）使用神经解剖学和神经生理方法来研究 单元在大脑皮层视觉区域中的特性和管理规则 不同地区之间的联系。他对细胞的响应能力和 对视觉刺激的选择性是由不唤起的刺激来改变的 回答。 克里斯汀·李（Christine Li）使用遗传方法来了解家庭的功能和调节 线虫秀丽隐杆线虫中神经肽基因的基因。她还学习C。 秀丽隐杆线蛋白与人淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白有关，这是一种裂解产物 这在阿尔茨海默氏症患者的大脑中很普遍。 Ofer Tchernichovski研究鸟类的发展学习。在行为层面上 实验室检查睡眠如何影响人声发展，在他的实验室研究的系统层面上 大脑对听觉刺激的反应以及分子水平的变化， 他的实验室研究了立即基因表达的模式如何与人声相关 学习。 Tadmiri Venkatesh研究调节细胞周期的分子遗传机制 果蝇神经系统发展期间的退出和cAMP介导的作用 神经元发育和可塑性中的信号通路。他最近发起了 关于信号通路在发展过程中的作用的分子遗传研究 老鼠视网膜在斯坦福大学的破坏性时创建了kremen-1淘汰小鼠后。 乔什·沃尔曼（Josh Wallman）研究视觉系统如何调节眼睛的生长。当这个 监管失败的眼睛变得近视或远视。他在 通过让小鸡戴上眼镜镜片，使它们成为近视或 远视并研究眼睛的生长如何补偿，这两者在现象学上都 和生化。他还研究人类的眼睛运动 可塑性和注意力的影响。 III区还继续进行神经生物学研讨会系列，并获得了两个 几年前。我们的目的是除了研讨会外，还进行了关于 特定的主题是通过让教职员工提前阅读论文来准备的。这些 研讨会在小组中促进了生动的对话，并导致了 与几位来访科学家的合作项目。