AREA III: NEUROBIOLOGY

领域 III：神经生物学

• 批准号: 7336056
• 负责人: JOSHUA WALLMAN
• 金额: $ 30.58万
• 依托单位: CITY COLLEGE OF NEW YORK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7336056
• 关键词: AREA; III; NEUROBIOLOGY

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The work of Area III Neurobiology is focused on the neural mechanisms underlying development, with special concern for how the interactions among cell types in the developing organism change the function and fate of particular cells, generally via humoral factors. Of the six members of area III, five were hired through the RCMI, three within the past three years (Edelman, Li and Tchernichovski) All of the researchers are funded by external grants, including five of the members with R01 grants Jay Edelman studies how cognition and sensory signals interact to create saccadic eye movement commands in humans. Jonathan Levitt uses neuroanatomical and neurophysiological methods to study the properties of single cells in visual areas of the cerebral cortex and the rules governing connections among the different regions. He is interested in how cells' responsiveness and selectivity to visual stimuli is modified by stimuli that do not by themselves evoke responses. Christine Li uses genetic methods to understand the function and regulation of a family of neuropeptide genes in the nematode Caenorhaditis elegans. She also studies a C. elegans protein related to the human amyloid precursor protein, a cleavage product of which is prevalent in the brains of Alzheimer¿s patients. Ofer Tchernichovski studies developmental learning in birds. On a behavioral level his lab examines how sleep affects vocal development, on a systems level his lab studies developmental changes in brain responses to auditory stimuli, and on a molecular level, his lab studies how patterns of immediate early gene expression correlate with vocal learning. Tadmiri Venkatesh studies the molecular genetic mechanisms that regulate cell cycle exit during nervous system development in Drosophila and the role of cAMP mediated signaling pathway in neuronal development and plasticity. He has recently initiated molecular genetic studies on the role of signaling pathways during the development of the mouse retina after creating Kremen-1 knockout mice while on sabatical at Stanford. Josh Wallman studies how the visual system regulates the growth of the eye. When this regulation fails eyes become nearsighted or farsighted. He imposes defocus on the developing eye by having chicks wear spectacle lenses that make them myopic or hyperopic and studies how the growth of the eye compensates, both phenomenologically and biochemically. He also studies eye movements in humans, both with respect to plasticity and the effects of attention. Area III has also continued a Neurobiology Seminar series, with funds awarded two years ago. Our intention is to have, in addition to the seminar, a structured discussion on specific topics, prepared by having the faculty and students read papers in advance. These seminars have promoted lively conversation within the group and have led to collaborative projects with several of the visiting scientists.

该主题项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的众多研究子项目之一。子弹和调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构是针对该中心的，这不是调查人员的机构。 III神经生物学区域的工作集中在开发的神经机制上，特别关注发育生物中细胞类型之间的相互作用如何通过体液因素改变特定细胞的功能和命运。在III区的六名成员中，有5名是通过RCMI雇用的，在过去三年内（Edelman，Li和Tchernichovski）在三年中雇用了所有研究人员。乔纳森·莱维特（Jonathan Levitt）使用神经解剖学和神经生理方法研究大脑皮层视觉区域中单细胞的性质以及在不同区域之间控制联系的规则。他对细胞对视觉刺激的反应性和选择性如何被不引起反应的刺激所改变。克里斯汀·李（Christine Li）使用遗传方法来了解线虫秀丽隐杆线虫中神经肽基因家族的功能和调节。她还研究了与人淀粉样前体蛋白有关的秀丽隐杆线虫蛋白，该蛋白质在阿尔茨海默氏症患者的大脑中很普遍。 Ofer Tchernichovski的研究正在发展鸟类的学习。在行为层面上，他的实验室检查如何睡眠影响声音发展，在系统层面上，他的实验室研究大脑对听觉刺激的反应的发展变化，在分子层面上，他的实验室研究了他的实验室研究如何与声音学习的直接早期基因表达的模式如何相关。 Tadmiri Venkatesh研究了果蝇神经系统发育过程中细胞周期退出的分子遗传机制以及CAMP介导的信号通路在神经元发育和可塑性中的作用。最近，他在斯坦福大学的of骨上创建了kremen-1基因敲除小鼠后，就小鼠视网膜发育过程中信号通路的作用进行了分子遗传研究。乔什·沃尔曼（Josh Wallman）研究视觉系统如何调节眼睛的生长。当该法规失败时，眼睛变得近视或远视。他通过让小鸡戴上镜面镜头，使它们近视或远视镜，并研究眼睛的生长如何在现象学和生化上弥补眼睛的生长如何补偿。他还研究了人类的眼动，无论是可塑性和注意力的影响。 III地区还继续进行了神经生物学研讨会系列，并在两年前获得了资金。我们的目的是除了开创性的关于特定主题的结构性讨论外，还要通过让教职员工事先阅读论文来准备。这些开创性的人在小组中促进了活泼的对话，并与几位来访科学家进行了合作项目。