Effect of aging on item and context memory, neural function, and neural structure

衰老对项目和情境记忆、神经功能和神经结构的影响

• 批准号: 7647956
• 负责人: SCOTT M HAYES
• 金额: $ 0.65万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-01 至 2009-09-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7647956
• 关键词: Address; Age; Age-associated memory impairment; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Anisotropy; Atrophic; Brain; Caregiver Burden; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Clinical Research; Cognitive; Development; Diffusion; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Early treatment; Elderly; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Image; Individual Differences; Lead; Link; Measures; Medial; Memory; Memory impairment; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Neuropsychological Tests; Participant; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Phase; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Protocols documentation; Retrieval; Structure; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Treatment Efficacy; Visual; Water Movements; age effect; age related; age related cognitive change; cognitive function; design; executive function; gray matter; neuroimaging; neuropsychological; normal aging; novel; object recognition; relating to nervous system; research study; white matter; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Memory deficits in healthy older adults are most likely a consequence of decline in medial temporal lobe (MTL) structures and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Memory for different types of information (item versus context information) may rely on various regions within MTL and PFC, and may be differentially impacted by aging, although neurobiological evidence is scare. Furthermore, it is unclear whether PFC and MTL changes in grey matter, white matter, or a combination, more strongly influence the deleterious effect of age on memory. Using a novel experimental paradigm, young and older adults will study objects on a white background and objects in a rich visual context. While undergoing functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), participants will receive a memory test that will assess object recognition, incidental retrieval of contextual information, and intentional retrieval of contextual information. To assess white matter integrity in the brain, participants will also undergo Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). Older adults will receive a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests designed to assess memory and executive function, the results of which will be used to investigate individual differences in fMRI activation patterns, white matter integrity, and item and context memory. Thus, the project proposed will be one of the first studies to investigate the relationship between item and context memory (incidental and intentional), white matter integrity, functional activation patterns, and neuropsychological status in healthy older adults. Elucidation of age-related changes in memory and neural function in healthy older adults is critical to the development of paradigms that will facilitate early detection of devastating dementing illnesses such as Alzheimer's disease and Cerebrovascular Disease. Early detection of disease processes could lead to early intervention to minimize memory decline in patients, prolong autonomy, and reduce caregiver burden. However, it is first necessary to elucidate neural correlates of memory in healthy older adults so that one may detect subtle differences between normal aging and prodromal disease processes. The proposed project aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of age-related changes in memory and neural structure and function, and could provide an empirical foundation for future clinical studies aimed at assessing the efficacy of intervention in memory function and neural integrity as measured by fMRI and DTI.

描述（由申请人提供）：健康老年人的记忆缺陷很可能是内侧颞叶（MTL）结构和前额叶皮质（PFC）下降的结果。不同类型信息（项目与上下文信息）的记忆可能依赖于MTL和PFC内的各个区域，并且可能受到年龄的不同影响，尽管神经生物学证据很少。此外，目前还不清楚是否PFC和MTL的变化在灰质，白色物质，或组合，更强烈地影响年龄对记忆的有害影响。使用一种新颖的实验范式，年轻人和老年人将研究白色背景上的物体和丰富的视觉环境中的物体。在接受功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）时，参与者将接受记忆测试，该测试将评估对象识别，上下文信息的偶然检索和上下文信息的有意检索。为了评估大脑中白色物质的完整性，受试者还将接受弥散张量成像（DTI）。老年人将接受一系列旨在评估记忆和执行功能的全面神经心理学测试，其结果将用于调查fMRI激活模式、白色物质完整性以及项目和背景记忆的个体差异。因此，该项目将是第一个研究项目和上下文记忆（偶然和故意），白色物质的完整性，功能激活模式，健康老年人的神经心理状态之间的关系进行调查。阐明健康老年人记忆和神经功能的年龄相关变化对于发展有助于早期发现破坏性痴呆疾病（如阿尔茨海默病和脑血管病）的范式至关重要。疾病过程的早期检测可以导致早期干预，以最大限度地减少患者的记忆力下降，延长自主性，并减轻护理人员的负担。然而，首先有必要阐明健康老年人记忆的神经相关性，以便可以检测正常衰老和前驱疾病过程之间的细微差异。建议的项目旨在全面评估与年龄相关的记忆和神经结构和功能的变化，并为未来的临床研究提供经验基础，旨在评估干预记忆功能和神经完整性的有效性（通过fMRI和DTI测量）。