Cancer Risks Beliefs & Screening

描述（由研究者提供）：如经验证据及其在健康行为理论中的核心作用所示，对癌症风险的感知是癌症筛查依从性的重要先决条件。然而，现有的癌症风险感知措施需要一个项目的评估感知疾病的概率，一个策略与已知的可靠性和有效性的限制。有令人信服的论点认为，情感（情感，基于感觉）和直觉认知（自动，非理性）处理是重要的，因为个人的思考他们的个人癌症风险。我们开发了一份问卷来测量个人癌症风险的情感和直觉认知处理（癌症风险信念量表），包括五个因素（认知因果关系，风险中的负面影响，对风险的防御性悲观主义，癌症风险的不可预测性和癌症易发性）。目前的R21应用程序在800名50岁及以上的不同初级保健患者的结直肠癌筛查背景下测试了认知因果关系和负面影响风险的结构和预测有效性。我们提出了一项前瞻性的观察性研究，以探讨情感和直觉认知处理的风险与结直肠癌筛查依从性的关系。主要的假设是，那些高的情感和直觉的认知处理的风险将有一个衰减的关系之间的癌症风险的看法和筛选。这将提供一种新的方法来识别那些增加癌症风险评估的干预措施在激励筛查中可能不太有用的人。我们将描述这些人的信念与特异性，这将有助于为他们开发替代干预措施。我们提议;目标一：目的II，检查癌症风险的情感和直觉认知处理与结直肠癌筛查依从性的关系，目的III，检查癌症风险的情感和直觉认知处理与结直肠癌筛查前瞻性摄取的关系。本文提出的工作借鉴了最近关于不确定性的影响和认知处理的研究，为癌症筛查不依从性提供了新的解决方案。公共卫生相关性：这项工作借鉴了最近的决策研究，为癌症筛查不依从性提供了新的解决方案。该研究测试了通过新开发的癌症风险信念量表评估的个人癌症风险的情感和直观认知处理是否与多样化初级保健人群中的结直肠癌筛查依从性相关。这些发现将提供一种新的方法来识别和干预那些对既定的感知风险增强筛查干预措施无反应的人。

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): The perception of being at risk for cancer is an important prerequisite for cancer screening adherence, as indicated by empirical evidence and its central role in health behavior theories. Yet existent cancer risk perception measures entail one-item assessments of perceived illness probability, a strategy with known limits to reliability and validity. There are compelling arguments that affective (emotional, feeling-based) and intuitive cognitive (automatic, non-rational) processing is important as individuals' think about their personal cancer risk. We developed a questionnaire to measure affective and intuitive cognitive processing of personal cancer risk (Cancer Risk Beliefs Scale) encompassing five factors (Cognitive Causation, Negative Affect in Risk, Defensive Pessimism about Risk, Unpredictability of Cancer Risk, and Cancer Preventability). This current R21 application tests the construct and predictive validity of Cognitive Causation and Negative Affect in Risk in the context of colorectal cancer screening in 800 diverse, primary care patients ages 50 and over. We propose a prospective, observational study to examine the relationship of affective and intuitive cognitive processing of risk with colorectal cancer screening adherence. The primary hypothesis is that those high in affective and intuitive cognitive processing of risk will have an attenuated relationship between cancer risk perceptions and screening. This would provide a novel way to identify those for whom interventions to increase cancer risk appreciation may be less useful in motivating screening. We will characterize these individuals' beliefs with specificity that will be useful in developing alternative interventions for them. We propose; Aim I: to examine the prevalence and construct validity of cancer risk beliefs in a large, diverse primary care population, Aim II, to examine the relationship of affective and intuitive cognitive processing about cancer risk to colorectal cancer screening adherence, and Aim III, to examine the relationship of affective and intuitive cognitive processing about cancer risk to prospective uptake of colorectal cancer screening. The work proposed here draws on recent research on affect and cognitive processing of uncertainty to offer novel solutions to cancer screening non-adherence. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This work draws from recent decision-making research to offer novel solutions to cancer screening nonadherence. The study tests whether affective and intuitive cognitive processing of personal cancer risk, assessed through the newly-developed Cancer Risk Beliefs Scale, is related to colorectal cancer screening adherence in a diverse primary care population. These findings will provide a novel way to identify and intervene with those who are unresponsive to established perceived risk-enhancing screening interventions.