Measuring real time decision-making about UVR Protection

测量有关 UVR 防护的实时决策

• 批准号: 7739952
• 负责人: JENNIFER L HAY
• 金额: $ 33.37万
• 依托单位: SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-02 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7739952
• 关键词: Adopted; Affective; Anthropology; Area; Attitude; Behavior; Behavioral; Belief; Clothing; Cognitive; Decision Making; Decision Trees; Development; Ethnography; Family member; First Degree Relative; Gender; General Population; Guidelines; Health; Health behavior; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Maintenance; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Outcome; Outcome Study; Patients; Performance; Personal Digital Assistant; Persons; Phase; Physical activity; Process; Protective Clothing; Psychology; Radiation Protection; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Role; Skin Cancer; Skin tanning; Sunburn; Sunscreening Agents; Technology Assessment; The Sun; Time; Ultraviolet Rays; Variant; Woman; behavioral/social science; cancer risk; design; diaries; good diet; high risk; improved; innovation; melanoma; men; modifiable risk; novel; parallel processing; public health relevance; satisfaction; success; sun protection; theories; therapy development; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The development of interventions to maximize consistency in ultraviolet radiation (UVR) protection rests on improved understanding of decision-making factors that contribute to daily variation in UVR protection. In this study, we use Ethnographic Decision Tree Modeling to examine decision-making regarding sunscreen use, shade-seeking, and UVR protection behavior in melanoma first-degree relatives (FDRs). In Phase I, we will generate the models via qualitative ethnographic interviews with 25 melanoma FDRs, and then will construct a composite decision-making model for each of the three UVR protection outcomes. In Phase II we will establish the validity of the models using ecological momentary assessment of UVR protection (over 14 summer days, at 1 pm and 5 pm daily) in 60 FDRs. We will recruit equal numbers of women and men, and equal numbers of those who perceive high and low advantages of tanning, given the importance of these predictors for UVR protection. Specific Aim I is to generate and establish the validity of the models explaining decision-making about three UVR protection behaviors (sunscreen use, shade-seeking, use of protective clothing) in melanoma FDRs, and Specific Aim II is to examine theory-driven affective and cognitive predictors of sun protection maintenance (sunscreen use, shade-seeking, and use of sun protective clothing) assessed in real time. We adopt a theory-informed approach to decision-making, and so expect that the factors identified inductively in Phase I, as well as between- and within-subject variation in melanoma threat, efficacy beliefs, and satisfaction with UVR protection drawn from Witte's Extended Parallel Processing Model and Rothman's theory of health behavior maintenance will predict UVR protection behaviors. We will also examine gender and tanning attitudes as covariates of these effects. The study findings will increase our understanding of the decision- making context for behavioral maintenance of UVR protection, and dictate novel intervention strategies to reduce behavioral inconsistency - and increase behavioral maintenance - of UVR protection in those at high risk for melanoma. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This study will examine daily UVR protection and decision-making about protection in 60 first degree family members of melanoma patients who complete 14-day diaries via personal digital assistants and audio-taped narratives. We will employ qualitative and quantitative research strategies and determine between and within- person variability in UVR protection and decision-making that will inform the development of interventions to increase UVR protection maintenance among those who are at risk for melanoma.

描述（由申请人提供）：最大限度地提高紫外线辐射 (UVR) 防护一致性的干预措施的开发取决于对导致 UVR 防护日常变化的决策因素的更好理解。在这项研究中，我们使用人种学决策树模型来检查黑色素瘤一级亲属 (FDR) 中有关防晒霜使用、寻求遮阳和 UVR 防护行为的决策。在第一阶段，我们将通过对 25 名黑色素瘤 FDR 进行定性人种学访谈来生成模型，然后为三种 UVR 防护结果中的每一种构建一个综合决策模型。在第二阶段，我们将使用 60 个 FDR 中的 UVR 防护生态瞬时评估（超过 14 个夏季，每天下午 1 点和 5 点）来建立模型的有效性。考虑到这些预测因素对紫外线防护的重要性，我们将招募同等数量的女性和男性，以及同等数量的认为晒黑优势高和低的人。具体目标 I 是生成并建立模型的有效性，解释黑色素瘤 FDR 中三种 UVR 防护行为（使用防晒霜、寻求遮阳、使用防护服）的决策，具体目标 II 是检查实时评估的理论驱动的防晒维护（使用防晒霜、寻求遮阳和使用防晒服）的情感和认知预测因素。我们采用基于理论的决策方法，因此期望在第一阶段归纳确定的因素，以及从 Witte 的扩展并行处理模型和 Rothman 的健康行为维持理论中得出的黑色素瘤威胁、功效信念和对 UVR 防护的满意度的受试者之间和受试者内的变化将预测 UVR 防护行为。我们还将研究性别和晒黑态度作为这些影响的协变量。研究结果将增进我们对紫外线防护行为维持决策背景的理解，并制定新的干预策略，以减少黑色素瘤高风险人群的紫外线防护行为不一致，并增加行为维持。公共健康相关性：本研究将检查 60 名黑色素瘤患者一级家庭成员的日常 UVR 防护和防护决策，这些患者通过个人数字助理和录音叙述完成 14 天的日记。我们将采用定性和定量研究策略，确定紫外线防护和决策的人与人之间的差异，这将为制定干预措施提供信息，以增强黑色素瘤风险人群中紫外线防护的维持。