Measuring real time decision-making about UVR Protection

测量有关 UVR 防护的实时决策

• 批准号: 7739952
• 负责人: JENNIFER L HAY
• 金额: $ 33.37万
• 依托单位: SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-02 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7739952
• 关键词: Adopted; Affective; Anthropology; Area; Attitude; Behavior; Behavioral; Belief; Clothing; Cognitive; Decision Making; Decision Trees; Development; Ethnography; Family member; First Degree Relative; Gender; General Population; Guidelines; Health; Health behavior; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Maintenance; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Outcome; Outcome Study; Patients; Performance; Personal Digital Assistant; Persons; Phase; Physical activity; Process; Protective Clothing; Psychology; Radiation Protection; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Role; Skin Cancer; Skin tanning; Sunburn; Sunscreening Agents; Technology Assessment; The Sun; Time; Ultraviolet Rays; Variant; Woman; behavioral/social science; cancer risk; design; diaries; good diet; high risk; improved; innovation; melanoma; men; modifiable risk; novel; parallel processing; public health relevance; satisfaction; success; sun protection; theories; therapy development; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The development of interventions to maximize consistency in ultraviolet radiation (UVR) protection rests on improved understanding of decision-making factors that contribute to daily variation in UVR protection. In this study, we use Ethnographic Decision Tree Modeling to examine decision-making regarding sunscreen use, shade-seeking, and UVR protection behavior in melanoma first-degree relatives (FDRs). In Phase I, we will generate the models via qualitative ethnographic interviews with 25 melanoma FDRs, and then will construct a composite decision-making model for each of the three UVR protection outcomes. In Phase II we will establish the validity of the models using ecological momentary assessment of UVR protection (over 14 summer days, at 1 pm and 5 pm daily) in 60 FDRs. We will recruit equal numbers of women and men, and equal numbers of those who perceive high and low advantages of tanning, given the importance of these predictors for UVR protection. Specific Aim I is to generate and establish the validity of the models explaining decision-making about three UVR protection behaviors (sunscreen use, shade-seeking, use of protective clothing) in melanoma FDRs, and Specific Aim II is to examine theory-driven affective and cognitive predictors of sun protection maintenance (sunscreen use, shade-seeking, and use of sun protective clothing) assessed in real time. We adopt a theory-informed approach to decision-making, and so expect that the factors identified inductively in Phase I, as well as between- and within-subject variation in melanoma threat, efficacy beliefs, and satisfaction with UVR protection drawn from Witte's Extended Parallel Processing Model and Rothman's theory of health behavior maintenance will predict UVR protection behaviors. We will also examine gender and tanning attitudes as covariates of these effects. The study findings will increase our understanding of the decision- making context for behavioral maintenance of UVR protection, and dictate novel intervention strategies to reduce behavioral inconsistency - and increase behavioral maintenance - of UVR protection in those at high risk for melanoma. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This study will examine daily UVR protection and decision-making about protection in 60 first degree family members of melanoma patients who complete 14-day diaries via personal digital assistants and audio-taped narratives. We will employ qualitative and quantitative research strategies and determine between and within- person variability in UVR protection and decision-making that will inform the development of interventions to increase UVR protection maintenance among those who are at risk for melanoma.

描述（由申请人提供）：开发干预措施以最大限度地提高紫外线辐射（UVR）防护的一致性，这取决于对导致UVR防护每日变化的决策因素的更好理解。在这项研究中，我们使用人种学决策树模型来研究黑色素瘤一级亲属（FDR）关于防晒霜使用，阴影寻求和UVR保护行为的决策。在第一阶段，我们将通过对25名黑色素瘤FDR进行定性人种学访谈来生成模型，然后为三种UVR防护结果中的每一种构建复合决策模型。在第二阶段，我们会在60个固定地点，采用生态学的瞬时评估方法，评估紫外线辐射防护（在14个夏日，每天下午1时和5时），以确定模型的有效性。我们将招募相同数量的女性和男性，以及相同数量的那些认为晒黑的高和低优势的人，考虑到这些预测因素对UVR保护的重要性。具体目标I是生成和建立模型解释决策的有效性约三个紫外线防护行为（防晒霜的使用，遮荫寻求，使用防护服）在黑色素瘤FDR，和具体目标II是检查理论驱动的情感和认知预测防晒维护（防晒霜的使用，遮荫寻求，使用防晒服）在真实的时间评估。我们采用了一种理论知情的决策方法，因此预计在第一阶段，以及黑色素瘤威胁，疗效信念和满意度之间和受试者内的变化，归纳确定的因素与紫外线防护从Witte的扩展并行处理模型和罗斯曼的健康行为维护理论将预测紫外线防护行为。我们还将研究性别和晒黑的态度作为这些影响的协变量。研究结果将增加我们对UVR保护行为维持决策背景的理解，并规定新的干预策略，以减少黑色素瘤高危人群中UVR保护的行为不一致性-并增加行为维持。公共卫生相关性：这项研究将研究日常紫外线防护和决策的保护在60个一级家庭成员的黑色素瘤患者谁完成了14天的日记，通过个人数字助理和录音叙述。我们将采用定性和定量研究策略，并确定UVR保护和决策的人与人之间和人与人之间的差异，这将为干预措施的发展提供信息，以增加黑色素瘤风险人群的UVR保护维持。