Cancer Risks Beliefs & Screening

癌症风险信念

• 批准号: 7748010
• 负责人: JENNIFER L HAY
• 金额: $ 15.56万
• 依托单位: SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-01-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7748010
• 关键词: Acculturation; Address; Adherence; Affect; Affective; Age; Ambulatory Care; Attenuated; Award; Behavior Control; Behavioral Research; Belief; Cancer Control; Clinic; Cognitive; Colorectal Cancer; Comprehension; Control Locus; Data; Decision Making; Development; Education; Educational Background; Emotional; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Grant; Health; Health behavior; Health behavior change; Hospitals; Immigrant; Income; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Lead; Length; Life; Literature; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurement; Measures; Medicine; Methodology; Motivation; Observational Study; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Population; Population Sciences; Prevalence; Primary Health Care; Probability; Process; Psychometrics; Questionnaires; Race; Religion and Spirituality; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Science; Screening for cancer; Screening procedure; Self Efficacy; Socioeconomic Status; Solutions; Specificity; Subgroup; Testing; Thinking; Time; Uncertainty; United States; Validity and Reliability; Variant; Work; base; behavioral/social science; cancer prevention; cancer risk; career; colorectal cancer screening; health belief; inner city; literacy; multidisciplinary; novel; programs; prospective; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; residence; risk perception; theories; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): The perception of being at risk for cancer is an important prerequisite for cancer screening adherence, as indicated by empirical evidence and its central role in health behavior theories. Yet existent cancer risk perception measures entail one-item assessments of perceived illness probability, a strategy with known limits to reliability and validity. There are compelling arguments that affective (emotional, feeling-based) and intuitive cognitive (automatic, non-rational) processing is important as individuals' think about their personal cancer risk. We developed a questionnaire to measure affective and intuitive cognitive processing of personal cancer risk (Cancer Risk Beliefs Scale) encompassing five factors (Cognitive Causation, Negative Affect in Risk, Defensive Pessimism about Risk, Unpredictability of Cancer Risk, and Cancer Preventability). This current R21 application tests the construct and predictive validity of Cognitive Causation and Negative Affect in Risk in the context of colorectal cancer screening in 800 diverse, primary care patients ages 50 and over. We propose a prospective, observational study to examine the relationship of affective and intuitive cognitive processing of risk with colorectal cancer screening adherence. The primary hypothesis is that those high in affective and intuitive cognitive processing of risk will have an attenuated relationship between cancer risk perceptions and screening. This would provide a novel way to identify those for whom interventions to increase cancer risk appreciation may be less useful in motivating screening. We will characterize these individuals' beliefs with specificity that will be useful in developing alternative interventions for them. We propose; Aim I: to examine the prevalence and construct validity of cancer risk beliefs in a large, diverse primary care population, Aim II, to examine the relationship of affective and intuitive cognitive processing about cancer risk to colorectal cancer screening adherence, and Aim III, to examine the relationship of affective and intuitive cognitive processing about cancer risk to prospective uptake of colorectal cancer screening. The work proposed here draws on recent research on affect and cognitive processing of uncertainty to offer novel solutions to cancer screening non-adherence. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This work draws from recent decision-making research to offer novel solutions to cancer screening nonadherence. The study tests whether affective and intuitive cognitive processing of personal cancer risk, assessed through the newly-developed Cancer Risk Beliefs Scale, is related to colorectal cancer screening adherence in a diverse primary care population. These findings will provide a novel way to identify and intervene with those who are unresponsive to established perceived risk-enhancing screening interventions.

描述（由研究者提供）：经验证据及其在健康行为理论中的核心作用表明，对癌症风险的认知是坚持癌症筛查的重要先决条件。然而，现有的癌症风险感知测量需要对感知疾病概率进行单项评估，这种策略的可靠性和有效性存在已知的局限性。有令人信服的论据表明，情感（情感、基于感觉的）和直觉认知（自动、非理性）处理对于个人思考其个人癌症风险非常重要。我们开发了一份问卷来衡量个人癌症风险的情感和直觉认知处理（癌症风险信念量表），涵盖五个因素（认知因果关系、风险的负面影响、对风险的防御性悲观主义、癌症风险的不可预测性和癌症可预防性）。当前的 R21 应用程序在 800 名 50 岁及以上的不同初级保健患者的结直肠癌筛查背景下，测试了风险中认知因果关系和负面影响的构建和预测有效性。我们提出了一项前瞻性观察性研究，以检验风险的情感和直觉认知处理与结直肠癌筛查依从性的关系。主要假设是，那些对风险的情感和直觉认知处理能力较高的人，癌症风险认知和筛查之间的关系会减弱。这将提供一种新的方法来识别那些增加癌症风险评估的干预措施可能对促进筛查不太有用的人。我们将具体描述这些人的信念，这将有助于为他们制定替代干预措施。我们建议；目标 I：检查大量、多样化的初级保健人群中癌症风险信念的普遍性和有效性；目标 II，检查癌症风险的情感和直觉认知处理与结直肠癌筛查依从性的关系；目标 III，检查癌症风险的情感和直觉认知处理与结直肠癌筛查的预期采用之间的关系。这里提出的工作借鉴了关于不确定性的影响和认知处理的最新研究，为癌症筛查不依从性提供了新的解决方案。公共卫生相关性：这项工作借鉴了最近的决策研究，为癌症筛查不依从性提供了新的解决方案。该研究测试了通过新开发的癌症风险信念量表评估的个人癌症风险的情感和直觉认知处理是否与不同初级保健人群中结直肠癌筛查的依从性相关。这些发现将提供一种新的方法来识别和干预那些对既定的已知风险增强筛查干预措施无反应的人。