Understanding the role of N, a TIR-NB-LRR protein, in plant innate immunity

我们的目标是了解植物抗病(R)蛋白调节先天的分子机制 免疫信号。我们将继续利用N抗性基因与烟草之间的相互作用 以花叶病毒(TMV)为模型系统。N蛋白是R蛋白TIR-Nb-LRR家族的成员 并被推测为特异性识别TMV复制酶的50 kDa解旋酶结构域(TMV-p50 触发先天免疫反应的蛋白质。我们将使用基因，分子， 了解氮在先天免疫中作用的生化和细胞方法。我们将决定 N如何识别TMV-p50。我们实验室的最新证据表明，N和TMV-p50在 完整的、活的组织在寄主-病原菌相互作用和抗性过程中处于狭窄的时期。 然而，这种相互作用不是直接的，可能依赖于一种我们称为nth的N-TIR相互作用蛋白。 这表明TIR结构域可能参与了TMV的识别。因此，我们将决定 N的结构域(S)负责TMV-p50的识别。此外，我们将描述第n个角色在 介导N和TMV-p50的关联。为了鉴定TMV-p50识别复合体，我们将分离 并鉴定N和第n个蛋白质复合体的组分。我们实验室的最新结果表明，N 直接与一种我们称为TFN5的转录因子结合。因此，N除了与病原体有关外， 识别，也可能直接控制下游转录事件。我们将在活体内确定 烟草花叶病毒侵染前后N与TFN5的互作动态我们将识别和描述TFN5 先天免疫反应中的靶标。 未来50年，世界人口将从60亿增加到120亿，这将创造更大的粮食需求， 纤维、燃料和制药。因此，我们需要增加对植物基因的了解，以便 操纵它们来设计改良的作物。世界范围内每年因病害造成的作物生产力损失 价值超过1000亿美元。因此，利用天然R基因和天然R基因控制病原菌引起的疾病 其他在抗性信号通路中发挥作用的细胞基因可能会提供巨大的好处。 这种对内生基因的操纵将对较贫穷的公民产生重大的积极影响。它将服务于 通过提供使用杀虫剂的替代方案来预防疾病，从而预防健康风险，从而保护环境。

Our goal is to understand the molecular mechanisms by which plant resistance (R) proteins mediate innate immune signaling. We will continue to use the interaction between the N resistance gene and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) as a model system. The N protein is a member of the TIR-NB-LRR family of R proteins and is hypothesized to specifically recognize the 50 kDa helicase domain (TMV-p50) of the TMV replicase protein to trigger induction of innate immune responses. We will use a combination of genetic, molecular, biochemical and cellular approaches to understand the function of N in innate immunity. We will determine how N recognizes TMV-p50. Recent evidence from our laboratory indicates that N and TMV-p50 associate in intact, living tissue in a narrow period over the course of the host-pathogen interaction and resistance. However, this interaction is not direct and may be dependent on an N-TIR interacting protein we call NTH. This suggests that the TIR domain might be involved in TMV recognition. We will therefore determine domain (s) of N responsible for recognition of TMV-p50. Further, we will characterize the role of NTH in mediating the N and TMV-p50 association. To characterize TMV-p50 recognition complex, we will isolate and identify components of N and NTH protein complexes. Recent results from our laboratory indicate that N associates directly with a transcription factor we call TFN5. Thus, N, in addition to being involved in pathogen recognition, may also directly control downstream transcriptional events. We will determine, in vivo, the interaction dynamics of N and TFN5 before and after TMV infection. We will identify and characterize TFN5 targets during the innate immune response. An increasing world population, from 6 to 12 billion, in the next 50 years will create greater demand for food, fiber, fuel and Pharmaceuticals. We therefore need increased knowledge of plant genes in order to manipulate them to engineer improved crops. Worldwide annual losses of crop productivity due to diseases are valued over $100 billion. Therefore, control of pathogen-induced diseases using natural R genes and other cellular genes that function in the resistance signaling pathways may provide tremendous benefits. This manipulation of endogenous genes will have significant positive impact on poorer citizens. It will serve the environment by offering an alternative to pesticide use to prevent diseases and thus health risks.