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Spatial Representation in Williams Syndrome

威廉姆斯综合症的空间表征

基本信息

批准号：
7617216
负责人：
BARBARA LANDAU
金额：
$ 34.87万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2005-07-05 至 2011-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The central goal of this research is to understand the nature of spatial representations, its structure, normal development, and breakdown under conditions of genetic deficit. This goal will be accomplished by studying spatial representations in children and adults with Williams syndrome (WS)~ a rare genetic defect which gives rise to an unusual cognitive profile of severe spatial deficit coupled with relatively spared language. People with WS typically show severe deficits in visual construction tasks. Yet they show spared capacities to recognize objects, process visual motion, and talk about space. This unusual pattern of deficit and sparing suggests the broad hypothesis that dorsal stream functions of the brainmany of them parietal functions- are damaged in Williams syndrome. The pattern also suggests that ventral stream functions, such as object recognition may be spared, and that the combination of damage and sparing leads to the unusual spatial profile of WS. We will test the hypotheses that the WS spatial profile (a) reflects breakdown in multiple dorsal-parietal functions, including visual-spatial attention, updating for action, and imaginal transformations, (b) reflects sparing of object representation, a key ventral stream function, and (c) reflects severe delay or arrest at an early point along the normal developmental trajectory. Experimental probes will test these hypotheses in 4 projects examining visual attention, object representation, visual-manual action, and navigation. This research will shed light on theories of the normal architecture of spatial representation, how it develops in children, and its breakdown during development. The latter holds promise for understanding how to enhance normal spatial representations and build upon deficient ones. The research will have broad impact by increasing our understanding of how spatial systems develop in normal and impaired children. This understanding can afford insights to the applied community which depends on such research to develop interventions.

描述(申请人提供)：本研究的中心目标是了解遗传缺陷条件下空间表征的性质、结构、正常发育和崩溃。这一目标将通过研究患有威廉姆斯综合征(WS)的儿童和成人的空间表征来实现。WS综合征是一种罕见的遗传缺陷，会导致严重的空间缺陷和相对较少的语言的不寻常认知特征。WS患者通常在视觉构建任务中表现出严重的缺陷。然而，他们在识别物体、处理视觉运动和谈论空间方面表现出了闲置的能力。这种不同寻常的缺陷和节制模式表明，威廉姆斯综合征患者大脑的背流功能--其中许多是顶叶功能--受到了损害。这一模式还表明，腹侧流功能，如物体识别，可能是幸免的，损伤和保留的结合导致了WS的不寻常的空间轮廓。我们将检验以下假设：WS的空间轮廓(A)反映了多个背-顶叶功能的崩溃，包括视觉空间注意、动作更新和想象转换，(B)反映了对象表征的节制，这是一个关键的腹侧流功能，以及(C)反映了沿着正常发育轨迹的早期严重延迟或停滞。实验探测器将在4个项目中检验这些假设，这些项目考察视觉注意、物体表征、视觉-手动动作和导航。这项研究将阐明空间表征的正常结构理论，它是如何在儿童中发展的，以及它在发展过程中的崩溃。后者为理解如何增强正常的空间表示并在不足的空间表示的基础上构建提供了希望。这项研究将通过增加我们对正常和受损儿童空间系统发展的理解，产生广泛的影响。这种理解可以为依赖这种研究来制定干预措施的应用社区提供洞察力。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（11）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Tactile localization on digits and hand: structure and development.

DOI：
10.1177/0956797613478617
发表时间：
2013-09
期刊：
Psychological science
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Yoshioka T;Dillon MR;Beck GC;Rapp B;Landau B
通讯作者：
Landau B

Uncovering Knowledge of Core Syntactic and Semantic Principles in Individuals With Williams Syndrome.

揭示威廉姆斯综合症患者的核心句法和语义原则知识。

DOI：
10.1080/15475440903507772
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
Language learning and development : the official journal of the Society for Language Development
影响因子：
0
作者：
Musolino,Julien;Chunyo,Gitana;Landau,Barbara
通讯作者：
Landau,Barbara

The role of visual attention in multiple object tracking: evidence from ERPs.