Attention, Orientation and Human Prefrontal Cortex

注意力、定向力和人类前额叶皮层

• 批准号: 7359629
• 负责人: Robert Thomas Knight
• 金额: $ 33.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-09-09 至 2012-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7359629
• 关键词: Address; Area; Attention; Auditory; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Injuries; Chronic; Clinical; Cognition; Cognition Disorders; Cognitive; Contralateral; Data; Decision Making; Disease; Drug Formulations; Electrodes; Electrophysiology (science); Epilepsy; Event; Event-Related Potentials; Explosion; Face Processing; Failure; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Goals; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Implant; Laboratories; Lateral; Lesion; Localized; Measures; Memory; Methods; Modality; Neocortex; Operative Surgical Procedures; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Phase; Prefrontal Cortex; Probability; Process; Property; Range; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Rodent; Role; Scalp structure; Sensory; Series; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Social Behavior; Spatial Distribution; Stroke; Surface; Task Performances; Techniques; Theta Rhythm; Time; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Fields; Work; behavior measurement; cognitive control; cohort; day; extrastriate visual cortex; frontal lobe; indexing; insight; memory recognition; millisecond; nervous system disorder; neural model; neuromechanism; novel; programs; relating to nervous system; research study; response; selective attention; social cognition; visual control; visual memory; visual process; visual processing; visual search

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Prefrontal cortex (PFC) is critical for a wide range of cognitive and social behaviors. Damage to PFC from neurological disease results in profound alterations in goal directed behavior. We will utilize a unique cohort of to examine several proposed PFC dependent behaviors. We will employ electrophysiological and behavioral approaches to determine the contribution of human prefrontal cortex to top-down control of visual processing, visual and auditory short-term memory and visual and auditory contextual processing. To achieve these three aims we will perform scalp electrophysiological studies in stroke patients with well characterized lesions restricted to lateral PFC. In separate experiments conducted under Specific Aim 4, we will record electrocorticographic (ECoG) signals from neurosurgical patients with chronic (4-7 day) subdural grid implants for localization of epilepsy. This will allow us to examine directly the cortical dynamics supporting some of the behaviors studied in Specific Aims 1-3. Specific Aims 1-3 will address 1) Does PFC control visual search and face processing? 2) Does PFC control visual and auditory short term memory stores? and 3) What is the role of PFC in utilizing contextual information to guide decision making in the auditory and visual modalities? These three aims we will use the lesion-electrophysiology method to determine whether PFC is critical to support the behavior and will delineate the temporal dynamics of PFC control of posterior cortex engagement during these behaviors. Specific Aim 4 will examine whether ultra-high frequency gamma oscillations (60-200Hz) are generated in frontal and posterior cortices during attention, auditory memory and contextual processing. Further, we will examine whether theta frequency modulates high frequency gamma activity generated during cognitive processing. The research in Specific Aims 1-4 will employ event-related potential (ERR) recording and time frequency analysis extracted from either scalp EEC or ECoG data to achieve the proposed goals. The research program is built on previous work in our laboratory with an overarching goal to elucidate both the temporal dynamics and network properties of PFC contributions to cognitive processes frequently disordered in neurological disease. The work promises to provide novel insights into the neural mechanisms supporting normal and disordered cognition as well as providing information on patterns of neural re-organization subsequent to brain damage.

描述（由申请人提供）：前额叶皮层（PFC）对广泛的认知和社会行为至关重要。神经系统疾病对PFC的损害导致目标导向行为的深刻改变。我们将利用一个独特的队列来检查几个拟议的PFC依赖行为。我们将采用电生理和行为的方法来确定人类前额叶皮层的视觉处理，视觉和听觉的短期记忆和视觉和听觉的上下文处理的自上而下的控制的贡献。为了实现这三个目标，我们将进行头皮电生理研究，在中风患者的特点，病变局限于外侧PFC。在单独的实验下进行的具体目标4，我们将记录皮层电图（ECoG）信号从神经外科患者慢性（4-7天）硬膜下植入网格癫痫定位。这将使我们能够直接检查支持特定目标1-3中研究的某些行为的皮层动力学。具体目标1-3将解决1）PFC是否控制视觉搜索和面部处理？2)前额叶皮层控制视觉和听觉的短期记忆储存吗？在听觉和视觉模式中，前额叶皮层在利用情境信息指导决策中的作用是什么？这三个目标，我们将使用病变电生理学方法，以确定是否PFC是至关重要的，以支持的行为，并将描绘在这些行为的PFC控制后皮层参与的时间动态。具体目标4将研究在注意力、听觉记忆和上下文处理过程中，额叶和后部皮质是否产生超高频伽马振荡（60- 200 Hz）。此外，我们将研究θ频率是否调制认知过程中产生的高频γ活动。具体目标1-4中的研究将采用从头皮EEG或ECoG数据中提取的事件相关电位（ERR）记录和时频分析来实现所提出的目标。该研究计划建立在我们实验室以前的工作基础上，其总体目标是阐明PFC对神经系统疾病中经常紊乱的认知过程的时间动力学和网络特性。这项工作有望为支持正常和紊乱认知的神经机制提供新的见解，并提供有关脑损伤后神经重组模式的信息。