Respiratory Protection Against Bioaerosols in Agriculture

农业中生物气溶胶的呼吸防护

• 批准号: 7631272
• 负责人: Tiina Reponen
• 金额: $ 38.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7631272
• 关键词: Respiratory; Protection; Against; Bioaerosols; Agriculture

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Agricultural workers are often exposed to high concentrations of airborne microorganisms and at increased risk for developing respiratory diseases. Currently, little is known regarding the effectiveness of respirators used by agricultural workers especially with respect to airborne microorganisms. In the original grant, we developed a new method to measure workplace protection factors (WPF) of N95 filtering facepiece respirators against biological and non-biological particles. Our pilot-scale field study showed intriguing results on the effect of particle size and particle type on the WPF. Decreasing particle size decreased the WPF in a size range of 0.3 to 10 urn. Surprisingly, WPF-values against biological particles were 2-6 times lower than those measured for all dust particles in the same size range. The first aim of the proposed continuation is to generate a comprehensive field database on the WPF against biological particles and dust. Each subject (25 farmers or agricultural workers) will repeat WPF testing with two respirator models (one N-95 filtering facepiece and one elastomeric half-facepiece). The study will provide unique new data on the range of WPFs against particles of different characteristics in real field settings. The second aim is to investigate the effect of particle characteristics on their penetration into the respirator by manikin-based investigation and theoretical modeling. Particles from three selected farms will be characterized in regards to their aerodynamic size, shape, and microbiological composition. This testing is performed to select non-biological test particles and to isolate fungi and bacteria for further laboratory testing. Respirator performance will be compared for particles of different characteristics by manikin-based laboratory testing. Finally, manikin-based testing will be performed at three selected farms to assure realistic aerosol characteristics and composition. The combination of field and laboratory-based data and theoretical modeling will provide much-needed generalizable information to refine the guidelines on respirator use and to design more efficient respirators. This information can also be utilized for other work environments in which the respiratory protection is needed, such as moldy buildings, health care settings, and areas affected by bioterrorism. This proposal is well in line with NIOSH mission as the study outcome will help assure safe and healthful working conditions for agricultural workers through research, information, and training on respirators.

描述（由申请人提供）：农业工人经常接触高浓度的空气传播微生物，患呼吸道疾病的风险增加。目前，人们对农业工人使用的呼吸器的有效性知之甚少，特别是对于空气中的微生物。在最初的资助中，我们开发了一种新方法来测量 N95 过滤面罩呼吸器针对生物和非生物颗粒的工作场所防护系数 (WPF)。我们的中试规模现场研究显示了关于颗粒尺寸和颗粒类型对 WPF 影响的有趣结果。减小颗粒尺寸会降低 WPF，尺寸范围为 0.3 至 10 um。令人惊讶的是，针对生物颗粒的 WPF 值比针对相同尺寸范围内的所有灰尘颗粒测量的值低 2-6 倍。拟议延续的第一个目标是生成针对生物颗粒和灰尘的 WPF 的综合现场数据库。每个受试者（25 名农民或农业工人）将使用两种呼吸器模型（一种 N-95 过滤面罩和一种弹性半面罩）重复 WPF 测试。该研究将提供有关真实现场环境中针对不同特征颗粒的 WPF 范围的独特新数据。第二个目标是通过基于人体模型的研究和理论建模来研究颗粒特征对其渗透进入呼吸器的影响。来自三个选定农场的颗粒将根据其空气动力学尺寸、形状和微生物组成进行表征。进行该测试是为了选择非生物测试颗粒并分离真菌和细菌以进行进一步的实验室测试。将通过基于人体模型的实验室测试来比较不同特征颗粒的呼吸器性能。最后，将在三个选定的农场进行基于人体模型的测试，以确保真实的气溶胶特征和成分。现场和实验室数据与理论模型的结合将提供急需的通用信息，以完善呼吸器使用指南并设计更高效的呼吸器。该信息还可用于需要呼吸保护的其他工作环境，例如发霉的建筑物、医疗机构和受生物恐怖主义影响的区域。该提案非常符合 NIOSH 的使命，因为研究结果将有助于通过呼吸器的研究、信息和培训确保农业工人安全和健康的工作条件。

项目成果

Assessment of human exposure to airborne fungi in agricultural confinements: personal inhalable sampling versus stationary sampling.

评估人类在农业限制中接触空气传播真菌的情况：个人吸入采样与固定采样。

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM
• 作者: Adhikari,Atin;Reponen,Tiina;Lee,Shu-An;Grinshpun,SergeyA
• 通讯作者: Grinshpun,SergeyA

Penetration of fiber versus spherical particles through filter media and faceseal leakage of N95 filtering facepiece respirators with cyclic flow.

纤维与球形颗粒通过过滤介质的渗透以及循环流 N95 过滤面罩呼吸器的面部密封泄漏。

• DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2012.752321
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Cho,KyungminJacob;Turkevich,Leonid;Miller,Matthew;McKay,Roy;Grinshpun,SergeyA;Ha,KwonChul;Reponen,Tiina
• 通讯作者: Reponen,Tiina