Yeast Chromosome Structure, Replication and Segregation

酵母染色体结构、复制和分离

• 批准号: 7589838
• 负责人: Rodney J. ROTHSTEIN
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: FEDERATION OF AMER SOC FOR EXPER BIOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-03-01 至 2011-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7589838
• 关键词: Aging; Area; Biochemical; Biological; California; Cell Cycle; Cells; Chromatin; Chromosome Segregation; Chromosome Structures; Chromosomes; Congenital Abnormality; DNA Damage; DNA Double Strand Break; DNA biosynthesis; Double Strand Break Repair; Fission Yeast; Genetic; Genome; Genomics; Health; Human; Human Biology; Kinetochores; Malignant Neoplasms; Mammalian Cell; Mitotic spindle; Molecular; Nuclear; Pathway interactions; Proteins; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Series; Structure; Students; Technology; Telomere Maintenance; Time; Work; Yeasts; abstracting; chromosome replication; histone modification; insight; meetings; novel; posters; protein degradation; response; segregation; symposium; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The 9th Yeast Chromosome Structure, Replication, and Segregation Conference sponsored by FASEB will be held on 24-29 June, 2006 at Indian Wells, California, and thereafter in 2008 (10th Conference) and 2010 (11th Conference). The Conference will provide up to 250 places for students, postdocs, and senior investigators to meet and discuss novel findings of the past year. This conference is the latest iteration in a highly successful series that uniquely combines researchers investigating different aspects of chromosome function. As in the past, invited speakers will present their most recent work, with some talks chosen from the abstracts. In addition, there is ample time for discussion and poster presentations. Research into yeast chromosome structure, and the mechanisms and control of chromosome replication and segregation, continues at a rapid pace and underpins related research in mammalian cells. Recent advances provide new insights into nuclear organization, the role of histone modification in chromatin silencing and DNA damage response, the control of DNA replication, the role of protein degradation in cell cycle transitions in general and chromosome segregation in particular, the molecular pathways of checkpoint responses, kinetochore structure and function, the connection between telomere maintenance and DNA double stranded break repair, and the assembly and function of the mitotic spindle. Because of the powerful combination of biochemical, cell biological, and genetic tools, as well as more recently genomic technologies now at the disposal of yeast researchers, studies in budding and fission yeasts have led the field in many of these areas. Most of the proteins and mechanisms employed by yeast cells are conserved in human cells, making this work directly relevant to human biology. Indeed, chromosome function and genome integrity are fundamental to many aspects of human health, and are directly implicated in cancer, aging, and birth defects. All of these are characterized by disruptions in normal chromosome function, which can be readily studied in yeast.

描述（由申请人提供）：由FASEB主办的第9届酵母染色体结构、复制和分离会议将于2006年6月24日至29日在加州印第安威尔斯举行，此后将于2008年（第10届会议）和2010年（第11届会议）举行。 会议将为学生，博士后和高级研究人员提供多达250个名额，以满足和讨论过去一年的新发现。 这次会议是一个非常成功的系列的最新迭代，独特地结合了研究染色体功能不同方面的研究人员。 和过去一样，受邀演讲者将介绍他们最近的工作，并从摘要中选择一些演讲。 此外，还有充足的时间进行讨论和海报展示。 对酵母染色体结构以及染色体复制和分离的机制和控制的研究继续以快速的步伐进行，并支持哺乳动物细胞中的相关研究。 最近的进展提供了对核组织的新见解，组蛋白修饰在染色质沉默和DNA损伤反应中的作用，DNA复制的控制，蛋白质降解在细胞周期转换中的作用，特别是染色体分离，检查点反应的分子途径，动粒结构和功能，端粒维持和DNA双链断裂修复之间的联系，以及有丝分裂纺锤体的组装和功能。 由于生物化学、细胞生物学和遗传学工具的强大组合，以及酵母研究人员最近掌握的基因组技术，芽殖酵母和裂殖酵母的研究在许多领域都处于领先地位。 酵母细胞使用的大多数蛋白质和机制在人类细胞中是保守的，这使得这项工作与人类生物学直接相关。 事实上，染色体功能和基因组完整性是人类健康的许多方面的基础，并直接涉及癌症，衰老和出生缺陷。 所有这些都以正常染色体功能的破坏为特征，这可以在酵母中容易地进行研究。