CRCNS: Input/Output Characterization of the Antennal Lobe of the Drosophila

CRCNS：果蝇触角的输入/输出特征

• 批准号: 7630436
• 负责人: Aurel A Lazar
• 金额: $ 21.85万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7630436
• 关键词: Afferent Neurons; Characteristics; Code; Computer Simulation; Drosophila genus; Exhibits; Feedback; Genetic; Goals; Image; Individual; Language; Lobe; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Neurons; Odors; Output; Rest; System; Time; computerized data processing; design; fly; genetic manipulation; in vivo; neuromechanism; receptor; research study; sensory system; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The I/O characterization of the Drosophila antennal lobe described in this proposal is made possible by 2 key enabling tools (i) the genetic identification of the projection neurons and the glomeruli they innervate and, (ii) multi-input/multi-output (MIMO) modeling of odor signal processing in the antennal lobe. Both tools have recently been advanced by the authors. The antennal lobe and its function are described in the MIMO model by a transfer function matrix. Our goal is to identify the transfer matrix and construct in silico a circuit diagram with the same matrix that is capable of predicting the spatio-temporal I/O dynamics of the antennal lobe. The MIMO model serves as a common language between theorists and experimentalists, and provides a framework within which to devise relevant questions and design experiments to answer those questions. For example, are there equivalent I/O characterizations of the antennal lobe that exhibit a lower complexity? We shall investigate such characterizations by (i) analyzing the representation of odor information by an arbitrary subset of olfactory sensory neurons expressing the same receptor, and (ii) studying spatial filtering methods among these neurons as a model of odor signal processing. Through genetic manipulation of the fly olfactory system, odor receptors will be expressed in olfactory sensory neurons connected to designated glomeruli. By silencing most of the remaining OSNs, these glomeruli will be effectively isolated from the rest of the antennal lobe. This will provide us with an ' in-vivo experimental platform' for investigating the I/O characteristics of the fly antennal lobe. The platform will enable us for the first time to functionally characterize all individual projection neurons innervating the same glomerulus. We shall investigate whether they are biophysically equivalent and whether they carry equivalent odor information. We will also characterize their image as a function of the number of active OSNs. We will extract the transfer matrix of a single glomerulus and of a network of 2 glomeruli isolated from the rest of the antennal lobe. We plan to quantitatively characterize the inhibition and feedback induced by the local/projection neurons on the transfer function within the same glomerulus. We also plan to measure what effect inhibition and feedback have on other glomeruli. Elucidation of odor signal processing in the antennal lobe could reveal methods of treatment of olfactory deficits. It could also reveal fundamental mechanisms of neural coding in other sensory systems.

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案中描述的果蝇触角叶的I/O表征通过2个关键使能工具（i）投射神经元和它们支配的肾小球的遗传识别以及（ii）触角叶中气味信号处理的多输入/多输出（MIMO）建模成为可能。这两种工具最近都是作者开发的。天线波瓣及其功能在MIMO模型中由传递函数矩阵描述。我们的目标是确定的传输矩阵，并在硅片上构建一个电路图，具有相同的矩阵，能够预测的时空I/O动态的触角叶。MIMO模型是理论家和实验家之间的共同语言，并提供了一个框架，在此框架内设计相关的问题和设计实验来回答这些问题。例如，是否存在表现出较低复杂性的天线波瓣的等效I/O特征？我们将研究这样的表征（i）分析由任意子集的嗅觉感觉神经元表达相同的受体的气味信息的表示，和（ii）研究这些神经元之间的空间滤波方法作为气味信号处理的模型。通过遗传操作的苍蝇嗅觉系统，气味受体将表达在嗅觉感觉神经元连接到指定的肾小球。通过沉默大多数剩余的OSN，这些肾小球将有效地与触角叶的其余部分分离。这将为我们研究果蝇触角叶的I/O特性提供一个“在体实验平台”。该平台将使我们能够第一次在功能上表征支配同一肾小球的所有单个投射神经元。我们将研究它们是否具有生物等效性，以及它们是否携带等效的气味信息。我们还将描述他们的形象作为活跃的OSN数量的函数。我们将提取单个肾小球和从触角叶的其余部分分离的2个肾小球的网络的传递矩阵。我们计划定量表征在同一肾小球内由局部/投射神经元对传递函数引起的抑制和反馈。我们还计划测量抑制和反馈对其他肾小球的影响。阐明气味信号处理的触角叶可以揭示嗅觉缺陷的治疗方法。它还可以揭示其他感觉系统中神经编码的基本机制。