Real-Time Motion Correction and Increased Scan-Session Sucess in Clinical MRI

描述（由申请人提供）：三个fMRI CPT代码（用于临床计费和保险）已被批准，并于2007年1月1日生效。临床功能磁共振成像将迅速扩大。然而，临床功能磁共振成像往往混淆过度的患者运动。研究丢失，受试者需要召回。此外，在功能磁共振成像扫描期间，患者必须充分执行行为任务，如果他们变得疲劳或入睡，就会受到影响。功能性MRI研究通常需要很长时间。这两个问题-患者运动/性能和扫描会话长度-是该提案的重点。改进方法是目标。这三个目标从不同的角度解决问题：目标1：脉冲序列和成像物理分离的fMRI信号从运动伪影;目标2：实时统计和图像分析，缩短扫描时间和提高抗噪性;目标3：管理扫描会话持续时间与自适应采集范例，多参数映射，和实时临床相关显示。这些目标在对这两个问题的多方面互动攻击中结合在一起。运动污染的数据将在真实的时间内被固定，或者在真实的时间内被删失，并伴随额外的数据采集。在逐体素的基础上，自适应卡尔曼滤波将调整由慢动作漂移引起的基线变化。更高的接收器带宽可以以几种方式减少运动伪影。我们将探索使用高达1 MHz的接收器带宽，并相应地提高梯度强度。从本质上讲，这是一个研究生理噪声相对于扫描仪噪声。至于扫描会话长度，研究不应延长超过统计学显著结果所需的时间，这需要实时统计分析。随机复用的行为范例减少了测试时间。此外，所有上述技术将通过在MRI扫描仪套件中使用增加的计算机能力来近实时地实现。最后，我们寻求一个临床相关的确定扫描会话成功之前，病人离开扫描仪，允许功能磁共振成像用于传统的测试/重测范例。这将显著提高fMRI检查的成功率，从而促进fMRI作为常规临床工具的采用。研究将在2005年购买的GE 3 T扫描仪上进行，该扫描仪使用国家研究资源中心高端仪器计划提供的资金。这项工作将由功能磁共振成像领域的一个先驱小组进行。功能磁共振成像对脑相关疾病的潜在影响是巨大的。提案中提到了威斯康星州医学院正在进行的两项具体研究：可能导致阿尔茨海默病的轻度认知障碍受试者，以及脑肿瘤手术治疗前视觉、运动和言语功能的fMRI映射。还有很多。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Three fMRI CPT codes (for clinical billing and insurance) have been approved and went into effect January 1, 2007. Clinical fMRI will expand rapidly. However, clinical fMRI is often confounded by excessive patient motion. Studies are lost and subjects need to be recalled. Moreover, during the fMRI scan, patients must adequately perform a behavioral task, which can suffer if they become fatigued or fall asleep. Functional MRI studies often take too long. These two problems-patient motion/performance and scan-session length-are the focus of this proposal. Improved methodology is the goal. The three aims address the problems from different perspectives: Aim 1: Pulse sequences and imaging physics for separation of fMRI signals from motion artifacts; Aim 2: Real-time statistics and image analysis for shortening scan duration and improvement of noise immunity; Aim 3: Management of scan-session duration with adaptive acquisition paradigms, multi-parameter mapping, and real-time clinically relevant displays. The aims come together in multifaceted interactive attacks on the two problems. Motion-contaminated data will either be fixed in real time or censored in real time accompanied by additional data acquisition. On a voxel-by-voxel basis, adaptive Kalman filtering will adjust baseline variation caused by slow-motion drift. Higher receiver bandwidth can reduce motion artifacts in several ways. We will explore use of receiver bandwidths as high as 1 MHz, with correspondingly higher gradient strengths. At its essence, this is a study of physiological noise relative to scanner preamplifier noise. As for scan-session length, studies should not extend longer than necessary for statistically significant results, which requires real-time statistical analysis. Randomized multiplexed behavioral paradigms reduce test time. In addition, all of the foregoing techniques will be implemented in near-real time through the use of increased computer power in the MRI scanner suite. In the end, we seek a clinically relevant determination of scan-session success before the patient leaves the scanner, allowing fMRI to be used in a conventional test/retest paradigm. This will significantly improve the success rate of fMRI exams and thereby facilitate the adoption of fMRI as a routine clinical tool. Research will be performed on a GE 3T scanner that was purchased in 2005 using funds made available through the High End Instrumentation Program of the National Center for Research Resources. The work will be carried out by one of the pioneering groups in fMRI. The potential impact of fMRI on brain-related disease is enormous. References are made in the proposal to two specific studies underway at the Medical College of Wisconsin: subjects with mild cognitive impairment that may lead to Alzheimer's disease, and fMRI mapping of visual, motor, and speech function prior to surgical treatment of brain tumors. There are many more.