Role of variation in the developmental acquisition, and the adult plasticity, of

变异在发育习得和成年可塑性中的作用

• 批准号: 7689254
• 负责人: STEPHEN G LISBERGER
• 金额: $ 20.43万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7689254
• 关键词: Accounting; Acetylcholine; Acoustics; Address; Adult; Animals; Area; Auditory; Auditory area; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Categories; Cell Nucleus; Cognitive; Communication; Complex; Development; Dopamine; Effectiveness; Electric Stimulation; Face; Fire - disasters; Force of Gravity; Frequencies; Goals; Human; Individual; Investments; Laboratories; Lead; Learning; Maintenance; Mediating; Modeling; Neonatal; Neurologic; Neurons; Noise; Norepinephrine; Operant Conditioning; Population; Probability; Range; Rattus; Rewards; Role; Serotonin; Simulate; Speech; Speech Acoustics; Stereotyping; Stimulus; System; Time; Training; Variant; acetylaminofluorene; auditory stimulus; critical developmental period; design; improved; insight; memory process; neocortical; postnatal; research study; response; skill acquisition; skills; sound; stereotypy

Response variability is a fact of the brain. There can be dramatic differences in the responses of any given neuron, to any given stimulus, at different moments in time. Different neurons in any cortical area contributing to the representation of any given stimulus or action commonly have substantially different responses. Variations in distributed local, system, and brain-wide responses representing any given stimulus in any given behavioral context can differ radically in different individuals. At the same time, the brain operates with the maintenance of perceptual constancy, cognitive reliability, and learned-behavior stereotypy. How do we account for the robust behavioral representations of inputs and actions in the face of the marked response variability of their neurological representations? This project will address 3 issues. First, it will determine the basic consequences, for neurological response variability, of exposing neonatal rats across the critical period with stereotyped vs naturally variable complex acoustic (speech-like) stimulus sets. Second, it will determine whether or not and how systematically varying the modulatory inputs enabling learning-induced plasticity in adult brains contribute to distributed neuronal response variability and coordination, and to behavioral response variability, in an auditory stimulus recognition task. Third, it will investigate the relationships between variation in neuronal responses in the primary auditory cortex (A-1) and in "secondary" auditory cortical fields (PVAF; AAF; PAF;PPVAF), as a function of stimulus repertoire complexity, in trained adult rats. The long-term goal of this project is to determine how a neurological strategy of learning-driven abstraction and coordination can lead to new insights into how we can potentially revise learning strategies to improve their effectiveness and reliability for neuro-behaviorally impaired human populations.

响应变异性是大脑的事实。反应可能存在巨大差异 任何给定的神经元，即任何给定的刺激，在不同的时间段。任何不同的神经元 促成任何给定刺激或动作的代表的皮质区域通常具有 响应实质上不同。分布式本地，系统和大脑响应的变化 在任何给定的行为环境中代表任何给定的刺激都可能在不同的不同 个人。同时，大脑通过维持感知恒定的操作， 认知可靠性和学习的刻板印象。我们如何解释强大的行为 面对其明显的响应变异性，投入和行动的表示 神经表征？该项目将解决3个问题。首先，它将确定基本 对神经系统反应变异性的后果，暴露于关键的新生大鼠 具有定型观念与自然变化的复杂声（语音样）刺激集的时期。第二， 它将决定是否以及如何系统地改变启用的调节输入 成人大脑中学习引起的可塑性有助于分布的神经元反应变异性和 在听觉刺激识别任务中，协调和行为响应变异性。第三， 它将研究主要听觉中神经元反应的变化之间的关系 皮质（A-1）和“次级”听觉皮质场（PVAF； AAF； PAF； PPVAF），作为函数 训练有素的成年大鼠刺激曲目的复杂性。该项目的长期目标是 确定学习驱动的抽象和协调的神经系统策略如何导致 关于我们如何可能修改学习策略以提高其有效性的新见解 神经行为受损的人群的可靠性。