Binocular Rivalry in Human Vision

人类视觉中的双眼竞争

• 批准号: 7583900
• 负责人: Robert Randolph Blake
• 金额: $ 33.53万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-10 至 2012-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7583900
• 关键词: Accounting; Affect; Affective; Attention; Awareness; Binocular Vision Disorder; Binocular rivalry; Brain; Cognitive; Computer Simulation; Dependence; Effectiveness; Event; Eye; Funding; Grant; Human; Laboratories; Literature; Location; Methodology; Modeling; Nature; Neurosciences; Perception; Population; Procedures; Psychophysiology; Records; Residual state; Role; Stimulus; Techniques; Testing; Ursidae Family; Vision; Visual; Visual system structure; Work; base; interest; monocular; neuroadaptation; perceptual organization; relating to nervous system; research study; vision science; visual adaptation; visual process; visual processing

9 This proposal will use psychophysical techniques, together with computational modeling, to study binocular rivalry, the breakdown in stable binocular single vision resulting from discordant monocular inputs. During rivalry the eyes convey contradictory information to the brain about the nature of objects at given locations in visual space. Faced with rival interpretations, the brain lapses into an unstable state characterized by fluctuations in perception that continue as long as the eyes view discordant stimuli. The study of binocular rivalry, as well as other forms of multi-stable perception, bears importantly on a number of key issues in vision science: perceptual organization, dynamical systems, visual awareness, attention and, possibly, neural bases of strabismic suppression (a developmentally-based disorder of binocular vision that affects an estimated 5% of the population). Interest in binocular rivalry has grown considerably in recent years, sparked in part by previous work from the Pi's laboratory. Still, important issues remain unresolved, issues concerning the determinants of rivalry and its underlying neural bases. Building on earlier work supported by EY13358, the proposed studies will explore several of these issues: a) the role of neural adaptation in triggering the instability of rivalry dominance (dynamics), a problem highlighted by computational models of rivalry, b) the residual effectiveness of a suppressed stimulus as revealed by visual adaptation aftereffects (suppression), c) determinants of initial dominance in rivalry (selection), with particular emphasis on affective and attentional factors, and d) the influence of attention on rivalry dominance (predominance), an influence implied by recent accounts of rivalry. Using psychophysical techniques paired with quantitative modeling, the proposed experiments will resolve outstanding controversies concerning rivalry, including the role of neural adaptation and "top-down" cognitive factors in selection, dominance and suppression. Among the psychophysical techniques is a new, objective procedure for creating records of rivalry dynamics. Results from these studies will guide refinement and amalgamation of recent computational models of rivalry and will test predictions from a newly proposed account of binocular suppression. Finally, results from these experiments will guide neurophysiologists and cognitive neuroscientists seeking to discover the actual neural concomitants of multi-stable perception.

9 该提案将使用心理物理学技术和计算模型来研究双眼 竞争，由于单眼输入不一致而导致稳定的双眼单视的崩溃。期间 竞争 眼睛向大脑传递关于特定位置的物体性质的矛盾信息 视觉空间。面对相反的解释，大脑陷入不稳定状态，其特征是 只要眼睛看到不一致的刺激，感知的波动就会持续存在。双目研究 竞争以及其他形式的多稳定观念对许多关键问题具有重要影响 视觉科学：知觉组织、动力系统、视觉意识、注意力，以及可能的 斜视抑制的神经基础（一种基于发育的双眼视觉障碍，影响 估计占人口的 5%）。近年来，人们对双眼竞争的兴趣大大增加，引发了 部分是由 Pi 实验室之前的工作得出的。尽管如此，重要的问题仍未解决，问题 关于竞争的决定因素及其潜在的神经基础。建立在早期支持的工作的基础上 EY13358，拟议的研究将探讨其中几个问题：a）神经适应在 引发竞争优势（动态）的不稳定，这是计算模型强调的一个问题 竞争，b）视觉适应后效应所揭示的被抑制刺激的残余有效性 （抑制），c）竞争中初始主导地位的决定因素（选择），特别强调情感 和注意力因素，以及 d) 注意力对竞争优势（优势）的影响，一种影响 最近的竞争报道暗示了这一点。使用心理物理学技术与定量建模相结合， 拟议的实验将解决有关竞争的悬而未决的争议，包括神经网络的作用 选择、支配和抑制中的适应和“自上而下”的认知因素。其中 心理物理学技术是一种新的、客观的程序，用于创建竞争动态记录。结果 这些研究中的结果将指导最近竞争计算模型的完善和合并，并将 测试来自新提出的双眼抑制的预测。最后，这些结果 实验将指导神经生理学家和认知神经科学家寻求发现实际的神经 多稳定知觉的伴随物。

项目成果

Preserved gain control for luminance contrast during binocular rivalry suppression.

在双眼竞争抑制期间保留亮度对比度的增益控制。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2004.07.011
• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Vision research.
• 作者: Watanabe,Katsumi;Paik,Young;Blake,Randolph
• 通讯作者: Blake,Randolph

On the nature of the stimulus information necessary for estimating mean size of visual arrays.

• DOI: 10.1167/9.9.7
• 发表时间: 2009-08-19
• 期刊: Journal of vision
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Joo SJ;Shin K;Chong SC;Blake R
• 通讯作者: Blake R

Detecting contrast changes in invisible patterns during binocular rivalry.

检测双眼竞争期间不可见图案的对比度变化。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2010.09.009
• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: Vision research
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Ling,Sam;Hubert-Wallander,Bjorn;Blake,Randolph
• 通讯作者: Blake,Randolph

Experience-driven plasticity in binocular vision.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2010.06.057
• 发表时间: 2010-08-24
• 期刊: CURRENT BIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 9.2
• 作者: Klink, P. Christiaan;Brascamp, Jan W.;Blake, Randolph;van Wezel, Richard J. A.
• 通讯作者: van Wezel, Richard J. A.

Stereopsis and binocular rivalry are based on perceived rather than physical orientations.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2012.05.003
• 发表时间: 2012-06-15
• 期刊: VISION RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Chopin, Adrien;Mamassian, Pascal;Blake, Randolph
• 通讯作者: Blake, Randolph