Binocular Rivalry in Human Vision

9. 这项提议将使用心理物理技术，结合计算模型来研究双目望远镜。 竞争，由不协调的单眼输入导致的稳定的双眼单眼视觉的崩溃。在.期间 竞争眼睛向大脑传递关于物体在特定位置的性质的相互矛盾的信息 视觉空间。面对相互竞争的解释，大脑陷入一种不稳定的状态，其特征是 只要眼睛看到不和谐的刺激就会持续的知觉波动。双目望远镜的研究 竞争，以及其他形式的多稳定认知，重要地涉及以下几个关键问题 视觉科学：知觉组织、动力系统、视觉意识、注意力，可能还有 斜视抑制的神经基础(一种发育性双眼视觉障碍，影响 估计占人口的5%)。近年来，人们对双目竞争的兴趣显著增长，引发了 这在一定程度上是由PI实验室之前的工作得出的。尽管如此，重要的问题仍然没有解决，问题 关于竞争的决定因素及其潜在的神经基础。建立在早期工作的基础上，由 EY13358，拟议的研究将探索其中的几个问题：a)神经适应在 引发竞争优势(动力学)的不稳定性，计算模型强调了一个问题 竞争，b)由视觉适应后效显示的抑制刺激的残留效果 (抑制)，c)竞争中最初优势的决定因素(选择)，特别强调情感 和注意因素，以及d)注意对竞争优势(优势)的影响，一种影响 最近对竞争的描述暗示了这一点。使用心理物理技术和定量建模相结合， 拟议的实验将解决关于竞争的悬而未决的争议，包括神经的作用 适应和“自上而下”的认知因素在选择、优势和抑制中的作用。在这些人中 心理物理技术是一种新的、客观的程序，用于创建竞争动态的记录。结果 这些研究将指导对最近的竞争和意志计算模型的改进和合并 来自一项新提出的双眼抑制的预测。最后，来自这些方面的结果 实验将引导神经生理学家和认知神经学家寻求发现实际的神经 伴随着多个稳定的感知。

9 This proposal will use psychophysical techniques, together with computational modeling, to study binocular rivalry, the breakdown in stable binocular single vision resulting from discordant monocular inputs. During rivalry the eyes convey contradictory information to the brain about the nature of objects at given locations in visual space. Faced with rival interpretations, the brain lapses into an unstable state characterized by fluctuations in perception that continue as long as the eyes view discordant stimuli. The study of binocular rivalry, as well as other forms of multi-stable perception, bears importantly on a number of key issues in vision science: perceptual organization, dynamical systems, visual awareness, attention and, possibly, neural bases of strabismic suppression (a developmentally-based disorder of binocular vision that affects an estimated 5% of the population). Interest in binocular rivalry has grown considerably in recent years, sparked in part by previous work from the Pi's laboratory. Still, important issues remain unresolved, issues concerning the determinants of rivalry and its underlying neural bases. Building on earlier work supported by EY13358, the proposed studies will explore several of these issues: a) the role of neural adaptation in triggering the instability of rivalry dominance (dynamics), a problem highlighted by computational models of rivalry, b) the residual effectiveness of a suppressed stimulus as revealed by visual adaptation aftereffects (suppression), c) determinants of initial dominance in rivalry (selection), with particular emphasis on affective and attentional factors, and d) the influence of attention on rivalry dominance (predominance), an influence implied by recent accounts of rivalry. Using psychophysical techniques paired with quantitative modeling, the proposed experiments will resolve outstanding controversies concerning rivalry, including the role of neural adaptation and "top-down" cognitive factors in selection, dominance and suppression. Among the psychophysical techniques is a new, objective procedure for creating records of rivalry dynamics. Results from these studies will guide refinement and amalgamation of recent computational models of rivalry and will test predictions from a newly proposed account of binocular suppression. Finally, results from these experiments will guide neurophysiologists and cognitive neuroscientists seeking to discover the actual neural concomitants of multi-stable perception.