Essential Fatty Acids In Psychiatric Disorders

精神疾病中的必需脂肪酸

• 批准号: 7732101
• 负责人: JOSEPH R. HIBBELN
• 金额: $ 40.87万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7732101
• 关键词: Accident and Emergency department; Acids; Admission activity; Adolescence; Adult; Affect; Affective; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Anger; Arizona; Behavior; Brain; British; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Cohort Studies; Collaborations; Complement; Consumption; Controlled Clinical Trials; Daily; Data; Data Set; Development; Dietary intake; Disease; Doctor of Medicine; Doctor of Philosophy; Dose; Eating; Enrollment; Epidemiologic Studies; Essential Fatty Acids; Feeling suicidal; Future; Health Benefit; Heavy Drinking; Impulsivity; Intake; Intervention Trial; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Low Prevalence; Malnutrition; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mothers; Nervous system structure; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Neurotic Disorders; Neurotransmitters; Numbers; Nutritional; Oils; Omega-3 Fatty Acids; Omega-6 Fatty Acids; Parents; Performance; Placebo Control; Plasma; Population; Postpartum Depression; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Prevalence; Prevention; Protocols documentation; Publications; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Rate; Relapse; Risk; Risk Factors; Score; Seafood; Seeds; Self-Injurious Behavior; Stroke; Substance abuse problem; Suicide; Testing; Tissues; United States Environmental Protection Agency; United States Food and Drug Administration; Universities; Week; Woman; Work; alcohol craving; cerebral atrophy; cohort; collaborative trial; craving; day; depressive symptoms; design; deviant; drinking behavior; early childhood; follow-up; improved; mortality; neurochemistry; peer; problem drinker; response; trend

Chronic excessive alcohol consumption depletes brain stores of omega-3 fatty acids which are necessary for optimal neural function. In our ongoing clinical trial of aggressive alcoholics, we determine if treatment with 2.8 g/d of omega-3 fatty acids will reduce 1) aggressive behaviors, 2) improve neurochemical measures of serotonergic function as well as other neurotransmitters associate with impulsivity and alcohol use 3) reduce measures of craving 4) reduce risk of relapse. This protocol is active and has enrolled 96 subjects with 100% tracking of data. Preliminary results indicate that anger is reduced by 33% (p<0.0008) in 12 weeks and a trend towards reduction in number of relapse days (55%, p= ns). Pilot analyses also suggest a substantial reduction in craving measures. Greater omega-3 fattty acid plasma status on admission correlated with less brain atrophy indicating that these fatty may protect from alcohol induced brain atrophy. The study has completed enrollemnt and is under analysis. These findings complement a placebo controlled clinical trial conducted with collaboration with Laure-Budens Branchey, M.D., among polysubstance dependent subjects where omega-3 fatty acids reduced anger scores by 50% over 4 months. In a collaborative trial among subjects admitted to an emergency room with deliberate self harm, we found that 2 g/d of omega-3 fatty acids reduced future suicidal thinking, anger and depression scores while improving positive outlooks to life. Extending these findings to normative populations, we found that lower plasma levels of omega-3 fatty acids correlated with greater neuroticism and less agreeableness among healthy controls. In an observational trial conduced with Dr. Muldoon at the University of Pittsburgh. These data indicate that deficiencies impair affect in otherwise normal populations. Mothers can become depleted of omega-3 essential fatty acids during pregnancy when their dietary intake is inadequate. Dietary deficiencies may increase the risk of depressive symptoms for the mothers. Preliminary data is available from an open trial of omega-3 fatty acids among women with depression during pregnancy currently being conducted in collaboration with Marlene Freeman, MD at the University of Arizona. Depressive symptoms were reduced an average of 43.5 % during 8 weeks of treatment. These findings are significant as they offer a treatment for depression during pregnancy that is not only non-toxic, but has additional health benefits to pregnant women and their babies. These findings are being followed up with a randomized, controlled trial which has enrolled n=60 subjects. The results of these interventional trials were predicted from data from an epidemiological study of the dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids during pregnancy among nearly 14,500 women enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Findings were robust after rigorous examination of potential confounding factors. In a major publication we found that the 2004 FDA and EPA advisory for women to limit seafood consumption during pregnancy inadvertently creates neurodevelopmental harm to the children. The children of mothers who ate seafood below the limit advised had greater risks of peer problems, poor prosocial behaviors and low verbal IQ and poorer performance on British nationally administered standardized academic tests. The work was conducted in collaboration with the ALSPAC study and examined nearly 9,000 children. These data can be evaluated to determine if inadequate intake during pregnancy or early childhood is a risk factor for future substance abuse. We have collaborated with Marc Schuckit, M.D and Jean Golding, Ph.D. in designing a study to prospectively capture initial drinking behavior of these children as they enter adolescence. If this is identified as a risk factor, prevention studies can be planned. Dietary intakes that meet criteria for Recommended Daily Intakes (RDAs) have been calculated from two spopurces of data: cross-national data sets and the ALSPAC cohort study. Dose response relationships were derived comparing greater intake of seafood and lower prevalence rates of four psychiatric disorders and lower mortality rates of eight major causes. In order to further refine this finding we utilized the observation that the omega-6 fatty acids from seed oils compete for inclusion in tissues with omega-3 fatty acids, which are rich in seafood. The amount of omega-3 fatty acids required to reduce risk of illness can be reduced 10-fold by consuming fewer omega-6 fatty acids from seed oils.

长期过量饮酒会耗尽大脑储存的欧米伽-3脂肪酸，而欧米伽-3脂肪酸是维持最佳神经功能所必需的。在我们正在进行的攻击性酗酒者的临床试验中，我们确定用2.8 g/d的omega-3脂肪酸治疗是否会减少1)攻击性行为，2)改善与冲动和酒精使用相关的血清素能功能的神经化学测量，以及其他神经递质，3)减少渴望的测量，4)降低复发的风险。该方案是有效的，已招募了96名受试者，并对数据进行了100%的跟踪。初步结果表明，愤怒在12周内减少了33% (p<0.0008)，复发天数有减少的趋势（55%,p= ns）。试点分析也表明，渴望措施大幅减少。入院时较高的omega-3脂肪酸血浆状态与较少的脑萎缩相关，表明这些脂肪可以防止酒精引起的脑萎缩。该研究已完成登记，正在进行分析。

项目成果

Increasing homicide rates and linoleic acid consumption among five Western countries, 1961-2000.

1961-2000 年五个西方国家凶杀率和亚油酸消耗量的增加。

• DOI: 10.1007/s11745-004-1349-5
• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Lipids
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Hibbeln,JosephR;Nieminen,LeviRG;Lands,WilliamEM
• 通讯作者: Lands,WilliamEM

From homicide to happiness--a commentary on omega-3 fatty acids in human society. Cleave Award Lecture.

从杀人到幸福——评Omega-3脂肪酸在人类社会中的作用

• DOI: 10.1177/026010600701900204
• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Nutrition and health (Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire)
• 作者: Hibbeln,JosephR

Seafood consumption and homicide mortality. A cross-national ecological analysis.

海鲜消费和凶杀死亡率。

• DOI: 10.1159/000059747
• 发表时间: 2001
• 期刊: World review of nutrition and dietetics
• 作者: Hibbeln,JR

The Lancet and the Royal Society are both right and wrong.

《柳叶刀》和英国皇家学会的说法既对又错。

• DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67172-3
• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Lancet (London, England)
• 作者: Crawford,MichaelA;Ghebremeskel,Kebreab;Hibbeln,JosephR;House,Simon;Hunter,David;Morley,DavidC;Nicholson,Paul;Stuart,Kenneth
• 通讯作者: Stuart,Kenneth

Cultural symbolism of fish and the psychotropic properties of omega-3 fatty acids.

鱼的文化象征意义和 omega-3 脂肪酸的精神作用。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2006.07.014
• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids
• 作者: Reis,LC;Hibbeln,JR
• 通讯作者: Hibbeln,JR