Population-environment dynamics influencing malaria risk in the Peruvian Amazon

影响秘鲁亚马逊地区疟疾风险的人口环境动态

• 批准号: 7385515
• 负责人: WILLIAM KUANG-YAO PAN
• 金额: $ 13.37万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7385515
• 关键词: Area; Biometry; Body Water; Camping; Commit; Communities; Data; Deforestation; Development Plans; Ecology; Environment; Epidemiology; Genotype; Goals; Habitats; Health; Household; Human; Image; Knowledge; Larva; Latin America; Malaria; Malaria prevention; Measures; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Modeling; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Numbers; Pan Genus; Pattern; Peru; Plasmodium; Policies; Population; Population Research; Prevalence; Reading; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Risk; Rivers; Sampling; Series; Surveys; Testing; Time; To specify; Training; Transportation; career; density; experience; forest; land cover; land use; multilevel analysis; novel; programs; remote sensing; response; skills; vector

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is being submitted in response to Notice NOT-HD-01-004, "Expansion of the NICHD Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01): Population Research." The objectives of this MRSDA are to expand Dr. William Pan's training and knowledge in the field of population, environment and health dynamics toward the goal of becoming an expert and independent investigator in this growing field. Dr. Pan will build upon his experience and expertise in household and use, biostatistics, multilevel modeling and spatial analysis by obtaining training in remote sensing (RS), ecology (vector ecology and biogeography), and malaria epidemiology. This new set of skills and knowledge will be obtained through a well-defined career development plan consisting of coursework, directed readings, and mentored research. Coursework and readings will be conducted in all areas, with a particular focus on RS and ecology. An expert group of mentors and collaborators have committed themselves to helping Dr. Pan achieve his goal and provide guidance for his proposed Mentored Research. The long-term objectives for his study are: (1) Identify household, community, and infrastructure factors associated with land use and land cover (LULC); and (2) Determine the extent to which LULC, and determinants thereof, are associated with malaria vector presence and human malaria risk towards the eventual control and eradication of P. vivax. The project tests the central hypothesis that community settlement areas have more diverse LULC, less land cleared, and better environmental management than areas managed by nearby labor camps; and therefore, malaria vector density will be greater in areas managed by labor camps than by household settlers. To achieve the objectives and test hypotheses, the study proposes to combine a population-environment and vector ecology study in the northern Peruvian Amazon along the Mazan and Napo Rivers. Data to be combined include survey information from households and key informants in communities and labor camps, locational data of relevant infrastructure and transportation networks, a time series of RS images, and a longitudinal sample of bodies of water to collect malaria vector larvae. Spatially-explicit models using traditional and Bayesian multilevel frameworks will be specified to test hypotheses. The findings from this study will have a wide impact on malaria prevention and control programs throughout Latin America.

描述(申请人提供)：本申请是为了响应NOT-HD-01-004通知，“扩大NICHD指导性研究科学家发展奖(K01)：人口研究”。这个MRSDA的目标是扩大威廉·潘博士在人口、环境和健康动态领域的培训和知识，朝着成为这一不断增长的领域的专家和独立研究员的目标。潘博士将通过接受遥感(RS)、生态学(媒介生态学和生物地理学)和疟疾流行病学方面的培训，以其在家庭和使用、生物统计学、多层次建模和空间分析方面的经验和专业知识为基础。这套新的技能和知识将通过明确的职业发展计划获得，该计划包括课程作业、定向阅读和有指导的研究。课程作业和阅读将在所有领域进行，特别关注遥感和生态。一个由导师和合作者组成的专家组承诺帮助潘博士实现他的目标，并为他提出的导师研究计划提供指导。他的研究的长期目标是：(1)确定与土地利用和土地覆盖(LULC)相关的家庭、社区和基础设施因素；(2)确定LULC及其决定因素与疟疾媒介存在和人类疟疾风险之间的关联程度，以最终控制和根除间日疟原虫。该项目检验了核心假设，即社区居民区与附近劳改营管理的地区相比，具有更多样化的土地利用、更少的清理土地和更好的环境管理；因此，劳改营管理的地区的疟疾媒介密度将比家庭定居者管理的地区更大。为了实现目标和检验假设，这项研究建议将秘鲁亚马逊北部马赞河和纳波河沿岸的人口-环境和媒介生态学研究结合起来。将合并的数据包括来自社区和劳改营的家庭和关键线人的调查信息，相关基础设施和交通网络的位置数据，遥感图像的时间序列，以及收集疟疾媒介幼虫的水体的纵向样本。使用传统和贝叶斯多水平框架的空间显式模型将被指定来检验假设。这项研究的发现将对整个拉丁美洲的疟疾预防和控制计划产生广泛影响。