Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine Research Training

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案的目的是在与麻醉学和围手术期医学（包括重症监护）相关的生物医学科学前沿（和新兴）领域提供深入的研究培训。华盛顿大学 (UW) 麻醉学系拥有悠久的学术卓越和临床创新历史。这一新计划申请旨在恢复麻醉学领域运行时间最长的培训计划之一（35 年历史）。经过十年的空间限制，华盛顿大学正在以重大方式重建学术麻醉学，并承诺提供研究空间（总计 24,000 平方英尺）和增加 5-6 名资金充足的中高级医师科学家和研究科学家教师所需的资源。该提案旨在利用这些新的部门举措，重要的是，利用威斯康星大学现有的优秀研究环境来培训下一代麻醉医师科学家。将从全国候选人库中寻找受训人员。该项目的结构包括 2-3 年的研究培训，由 NIH 资助的华盛顿大学教师导师密切监督，项目范围从基于实验室的科学到更多的转化和临床项目；每年将招收 3-4 名新研究员，他们已完成麻醉学住院医师实习和相关临床亚专业培训（因此研究员将在医学博士毕业后 5-6 年）。强调与围手术期医学相关的五个主要研究领域。这些包括（按字母顺序）：1）心血管肺生物学和再生医学，2）临床结果研究和流行病学，3）基因组科学和生物信息学，4）神经科学和5）药理学。该计划的目标包括获得基础研究技能、掌握相关文献、了解负责任的研究行为（包括 IRB/IACUC 批准）、以手稿形式和资助申请总结研究结果的能力，以及在期刊俱乐部和国家科学会议等公共场合展示研究结果。受训人员的进度由个性化的研究员审查委员会定期监测（第一年每季度与导师和研究员会面，此后每半年），并将结果摘要报告给负责接受/雇用研究员并跟踪他们的进展的部门培训补助金执行委员会。此外，威斯康星大学范围内的外部科学监督委员会每年举行一次会议，就培训计划的各个方面向执行委员会提供建议。该计划的总体目的是培养下一代围手术期医师科学家和院士。 相关性：在手术和危重疾病期间，患者会反复经历达到人体生理极限的压力；这是一个独特的时期，人体组织样本也可以通过道德方式获得。针对围手术期生理学的机械基础科学、转化和临床研究提供了与医学广泛相关的重要见解，这一事实最近受到许多医学专业的重视。随着人口老龄化，培养能够解决这一重要医学领域的科学问题的医师科学家应该会使手术、创伤和重症监护患者的护理更加安全。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective of this proposal is to provide in-depth research training in cutting edge (and emerging) areas of biomedical science related to anesthesiology and perioperative medicine, including critical care. The University of Washington (UW) Department of Anesthesiology has a long history of academic excellence and clinical innovation. This new program application aims to reinstate one of the longest running training programs in anesthesiology (35 year history). After a decade of space constraints, UW is rebuilding academic anesthesiology in significant ways, complete with research space commitments (total 24,000 square feet) and resources required to add 5-6 well funded mid- senior level physician-scientist and research scientist faculty. This proposal is designed to capitalize on these new departmental initiatives and, importantly, the existing outstanding research environment at UW in order to train the next generation of anesthesiology physician scientists. Trainees will be sought from a national pool of candidates. The structure of this program involves 2-3 years of research training closely supervised by NIH-funded UW faculty mentors on projects ranging from laboratory-based science to more translational and clinical projects; 3-4 new fellows will be enrolled each year who have completed anesthesiology residencies and relevant clinical subspecialty training (so fellows will be 5-6 years post-MD). Five major research areas relevant to perioperative medicine are emphasized. These include (alphabetically): 1) cardiovascular-pulmonary biology & regenerative medicine, 2) clinical outcomes research & epidemiology, 3) genome sciences & bioinformatics, 4) neurosciences, and 5) pharmacology. Goals of the program include acquisition of fundamental research skills, mastery of the relevant literature, understanding responsible conduct of research including IRB/IACUC approvals, ability to summarize research findings in manuscript form and grant applications, and presenting findings in public settings such as journal clubs and national scientific meetings. Trainee progress is monitored regularly by an individualized fellow-specific review committee (meeting with mentor and fellow quarterly in year 1, semi-annually thereafter) with summary findings reported to the departmental training grant executive committee responsible for accepting/hiring fellows and following their progress. In addition, a UW-wide external scientific oversight board meets yearly to offer advice to the executive committee on all aspects of the training program. The overall intent of the program is to develop the next generation of perioperative physician scientists and academicians. Relevance: During surgery and critical illness, patients reproducibly experience stress to the limits of human physiology; this is a unique period where human tissue samples can be obtained ethically as well. Mechanistic basic science, translational, and clinical studies targeting perioperative physiology provide important insights broadly relevant across medicine, a fact recently appreciated by many medical specialties. With the aging population, developing physician scientists capable of tackling scientific questions in this important arena of medicine should make care of surgery, trauma, and intensive care patients safer.