Positive Emotional Processing: Exploring Novel Treatment Targets in Social Phobia

积极的情绪处理：探索社交恐惧症的新治疗目标

• 批准号: 8208994
• 负责人: Charles Taylor
• 金额: $ 8.95万
• 依托单位: SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2013-06-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8208994
• 关键词: Academia; Address; Affect; Affective; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Area; Assimilations; Attention; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Biometry; Brain region; California; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cognitive; Consultations; Control Groups; Corpus striatum structure; Development; Development Plans; Diagnostic; Emotional; Ensure; Environment; Ethics; Feedback; Fright; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Health; Housing; Impairment; Individual; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Laboratories; Maintenance; Measures; Mental Health; Mentorship; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Motivation; National Institute of Mental Health; Neurobiology; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Pathologic; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pharmacological Treatment; Phase; Positioning Attribute; Procedures; Process; Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychopathology; Public Health; Quality of life; Recording of previous events; Refractory; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Rewards; Risk; Running; Scientist; Series; Services; Site; Social Functioning; Social Interaction; Social Phobia; Social isolation; Stimulus; Structure; Symptoms; System; Testing; Time; Training; Translating; Translational Research; Treatment outcome; Universities; affective neuroscience; approach behavior; base; career; career development; caudate nucleus; design; emotional experience; experience; improved; in vivo; indexing; information processing; insight; learning extinction; meetings; member; mortality; neuroimaging; novel; physical conditioning; primary outcome; programs; psychosocial; putamen; relating to nervous system; research study; response; reward processing; skills; social; social cognition; success; treatment response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The current proposal is for a NIMH Pathway to Independence Award (K99/R00) designed to strengthen and expand the candidate's expertise in translational research in the area of anxiety disorders. Career Development Plan: The candidate possesses a strong background in basic experimental psychopathology and treatment outcome research in anxiety. A consistent theme running throughout the candidate's research is the application of basic concepts and experimental procedures in social cognition to study the factors hypothesized to bias the processing and assimilation of positive social information in individuals with generalized social anxiety disorder (GSAD). The goal of these experimental studies is to provide novel insights into ways of addressing treatment refractory cases with GSAD. His long-term career objectives are to remain in academia as a treatment-oriented clinical scientist with the requisite skills that will ensure his success as a productive member of an interdisciplinary research team. The candidate recognizes the importance of expanding his existing skill set, particularly in information processing and neurobiological approaches to examine basic mechanisms and treatment response in anxiety. Accordingly, the career development plan will take advantage of cross-site mentorship from leading experts at the vanguard of research studying the cognitive-affective (Dr. Nader Amir, San Diego State University) and neurobiological bases of pathological anxiety and fear (Dr. Murray Stein, University of California, San Diego; Dr. Martin Paulus, UCSD). These researchers direct active programs of translational clinical research that will provide the candidate with rich hands-on training in the context of ongoing projects. The candidate will also complete formal coursework and intensive seminars in neuroimaging, biostatistics, and the ethical conduct of research. Environment: The long-standing and highly successful collaborative history between the SDSU Department of Psychology and UCSD Department of Psychiatry provides the strong and well-established institutional infrastructure that will promote the successful execution of the proposed training plan. The candidate will benefit from the unique opportunity to witness the successful merging of a traditional psychology department with a research-oriented psychiatry department, a context that will provide an in vivo opportunitiy to function as part of a trans-disciplinary research team. The exceptional academic reputation, available mentorship and consultation of internationally recognized leaders in the field, and collaborative interdisciplinary environment of SDSU and UCSD unite to create a training environment that is ideally suited to promote the candidate's career development and transition to independence. Research plan: GSAD is a common and debilitating condition, marked by significant impairments in social relationship functioning and an overall diminished quality of life (e.g., Alden & Taylor, 2004, 2010; Stein & Stein, 2008). Contemporary treatment approaches for anxiety disorders, including GSAD, are grounded in fear-based models of extinction learning (see Craske et al., 2008; McNally, 2007). As a result, these treatments have been removed from research pointing to a dysregulation of basic regulatory systems involved in the processing of positive social and emotional information in GSAD (see Kashdan, 2007 for a review). Indeed, despite the efficacy of existing treatments in reducing symptoms of social anxiety and avoidance (e.g., Hofmann & Smits, 2008; Rodebaugh et al., 2004; Stein & Stein, 2008), many individuals with GSAD remain residually symptomatic and continue to experience significant disruptions in domains of positive social functioning following treatment (Eng et al., 2005). These deficiencies are notable given that positive social and emotional experiences are consistently shown to have a beneficial impact on psychological and physical health outcomes (e.g., Folkman & Moskowitz, 2000; Lyubomirsky et al., 2005). In contrast, limited social ties and social isolation are associated with increased morbidity and risk of mortality (e.g., Cacioppo et al., 2003; House et al., 1988), which positions GSAD as a significant public health concern. Thus, to bridge the gap between basic findings in social cognition and affective neuroscience and existing treatments for SAD, the candidate proposes a series of studies designed to elucidate the cognitive, affective, and neurobiological substrates of aberrant positive emotional responsiveness in GSAD. The goal of these studies is to identify novel targets for the development of experimental procedures designed to modify deficits in positive social emotional processing in GSAD (R phase). The long-term goal of this research is to develop interventions that can augment existing treatment approaches in the service of enhancing treatment response and positive social functioning in refractory GSAD patients.

描述（由申请人提供）：目前的建议是一个NIMH途径独立奖（K99/R 00），旨在加强和扩大候选人在焦虑症领域的翻译研究的专业知识。职业发展计划：候选人在基础实验精神病理学和焦虑治疗结果研究方面具有很强的背景。贯穿候选人研究的一个一致的主题是社会认知中的基本概念和实验程序的应用，以研究假设在广泛性社交焦虑症（GSAD）患者中对积极社会信息的处理和同化产生偏见的因素。这些实验研究的目的是提供新的见解，以解决治疗难治性病例与GSAD的方式。他的长期职业目标是留在学术界作为一个治疗为导向的临床科学家与必要的技能，将确保他的成功作为一个跨学科研究团队的生产力成员。候选人认识到扩展现有技能的重要性，特别是在信息处理和神经生物学方法方面，以研究焦虑的基本机制和治疗反应。因此，职业发展计划将利用来自研究认知情感（Nader Amir博士，圣地亚哥州立大学）和病理性焦虑和恐惧的神经生物学基础（Murray Stein博士，加州大学圣地亚哥分校; Martin Paulus博士，加州大学圣地亚哥分校）的前沿研究专家的跨站点指导。这些研究人员指导转化临床研究的积极计划，这些计划将在正在进行的项目的背景下为候选人提供丰富的实践培训。候选人还将完成神经成像，生物统计学和研究道德行为的正式课程和密集研讨会。工作环境：心理学的SDSU部门和精神病学的UCSD部门之间的长期和非常成功的合作历史提供了强大和完善的机构基础设施，将促进拟议的培训计划的成功执行。候选人将受益于独特的机会，见证传统心理学部门与研究型精神病学部门的成功合并，这将为跨学科研究团队的一部分提供体内机会。卓越的学术声誉，在该领域的国际公认的领导者提供的指导和咨询，以及SDSU和UCSD的跨学科协作环境，共同创造了一个非常适合促进候选人职业发展和向独立过渡的培训环境。研究计划：GSAD是一种常见的使人衰弱的疾病，其特征是社会关系功能的显著损害和整体生活质量的降低（例如，奥尔登和泰勒，2004年，2010年;斯坦和斯坦，2008年）。包括GSAD在内的焦虑症的当代治疗方法基于基于恐惧的消退学习模型（参见Craske et al.，2008; McNally，2007）。因此，这些治疗已从研究中删除，指出GSAD中参与积极社会和情感信息处理的基本调节系统失调（参见Kashdan，2007年的综述）。事实上，尽管现有的治疗方法在减少社交焦虑和回避症状方面有疗效（例如，Hofmann & Smits，2008; Rodebaugh等人，二○ ○四年; Stein & Stein，2008），许多患有GSAD的个体在治疗后仍然存在残余症状，并继续经历积极社会功能领域的显著破坏（Eng et al.，2005年）。这些缺陷是值得注意的，因为积极的社会和情感体验一直被证明对心理和身体健康结果有有益的影响（例如，Folkman & Moskowitz，2000年; Lyubomirsky等人，2005年）。相反，有限的社会联系和社会孤立与发病率和死亡风险增加有关（例如，Cacioppo等人，2003; House等人，1988年），这将GSAD定位为一个重大的公共卫生问题。因此，为了弥合社会认知和情感神经科学的基本发现与SAD的现有治疗之间的差距，候选人提出了一系列旨在阐明GSAD中异常积极情绪反应的认知，情感和神经生物学基础的研究。这些研究的目的是确定新的目标，旨在修改赤字的积极的社会情绪处理GSAD（R期）的实验程序的发展。这项研究的长期目标是开发干预措施，可以增强现有的治疗方法，以提高难治性GSAD患者的治疗反应和积极的社会功能。