Evaluation of Respirators for Engineered Nanoparticles

工程纳米粒子呼吸器的评估

• 批准号: 8231095
• 负责人: YUNG SUNG CHENG
• 金额: $ 55.97万
• 依托单位: LOVELACE BIOMEDICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8231095
• 关键词: Evaluation; Respirators; Engineered; Nanoparticles

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Production of nanomaterials has increased continuously because of the unique physicochemical characteristics and extensive applications of these materials. Current scientific evidence indicates that nanoparticles may be more biologically reactive than larger particles of similar chemical composition. Therefore, it is prudent to take measures to minimize worker exposure. Respirators, including NIOSH-certified N95 and P100 respirators, are recommended when engineering and administrative controls do not adequately prevent exposures to airborne nanomaterials. The assigned protection factor (APF) of a certified respirator takes into account total inward leakage caused by (1) penetration of particles through the filter, and (2) leakage around the face/seal interface region. Preliminary laboratory tests of filtering efficiency using standard test aerosols have been reported in the literature. There are no reported studies on respirator filtration efficiency for actual engineered nanoparticles. The preliminary tests also were limited to the filter penetration characteristics. No reports on face seal leakage are available for nanoparticles. Therefore, there is insufficient information on the performance of NIOSH-certified respirators for respiratory protection of occupational exposure to engineered nanoparticles. The overall objective of the proposed study is to evaluate the performance of N95 and P100 respirators for respiratory protection of engineered nanoparticles. Both the filter penetration and face seal leakage of these respirators will be characterized using engineered nanoparticles. Because many nanoparticles have physical properties different from standard test particles, we also plan to characterize the physical and transport properties of engineered nanoparticles. A theoretical framework to relate the key physical and transport characteristics of these nanoparticles to the filtration process will also be developed. The proposed study will have a positive impact on the research of respirator protection of engineered particles by providing a research approach and tool to use realistic engineered particles in the respirator test, design, and development of samplers, and exposure assessment. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The overall objective of the proposed study is to evaluate the performance of N95 and P100 respirators for respiratory protection of engineered nanoparticles. Both the filter penetration and face seal leakage of these respirators will be characterized using engineered nanoparticles. A theoretical framework to relate the key physical and transport characteristics of these nanoparticles to the filtration process will also be developed. This study will develop necessary information for recommendations of NIOSH-certified respirators to limit exposure to engineered nanoparticles in occupational environments.

描述（由申请人提供）：由于纳米材料独特的物理化学特性和广泛的应用，这些材料的产量不断增加。目前的科学证据表明，纳米颗粒可能比类似化学成分的较大颗粒更具生物反应性。因此，采取措施尽量减少工人接触是谨慎的。当工程和行政控制不能充分防止接触空气中的纳米材料时，建议使用呼吸器，包括NIOSH认证的N95和P100呼吸器。认证呼吸器的指定防护系数（APF）考虑了由（1）颗粒通过过滤器的渗透和（2）面部/密封界面区域周围的泄漏引起的总向内泄漏。文献中已经报道了使用标准测试气溶胶进行过滤效率的初步实验室测试。目前还没有关于实际工程纳米颗粒的呼吸器过滤效率的研究报告。初步试验还限于过滤器渗透特性。没有关于纳米颗粒表面密封泄漏的报告。因此，关于NIOSH认证的呼吸机在职业暴露于工程纳米颗粒的呼吸保护方面的性能信息不足。拟议研究的总体目标是评估N95和P100呼吸机对工程纳米颗粒呼吸保护的性能。这些过滤器的过滤器渗透和端面密封泄漏都将使用工程纳米颗粒进行表征。由于许多纳米粒子具有与标准测试粒子不同的物理特性，我们还计划表征工程纳米粒子的物理和传输特性。还将开发一个理论框架，将这些纳米粒子的关键物理和传输特性与过滤过程联系起来。该研究为工程颗粒在呼吸器测试、采样器的设计和开发以及暴露评估中的应用提供了一种研究方法和工具，将对工程颗粒的呼吸器防护研究产生积极影响。 公共卫生关系：拟议研究的总体目标是评估N95和P100呼吸机对工程纳米颗粒呼吸保护的性能。这些过滤器的过滤器渗透和端面密封泄漏都将使用工程纳米颗粒进行表征。还将开发一个理论框架，将这些纳米粒子的关键物理和传输特性与过滤过程联系起来。这项研究将为NIOSH认证的净化器的建议提供必要的信息，以限制职业环境中工程纳米颗粒的暴露。