Auditory-articulatory representations for speech production

语音产生的听觉发音表征

• 批准号: 7780122
• 负责人: Bijan Pesaran
• 金额: $ 15.39万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-17 至 2012-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7780122
• 关键词: Alveolar; Applications Grants; Area; Auditory; Augmentative and Alternative Communication; Behavior; Brain; Code; Collaborations; Communication; Communication impairment; Comprehension; Cues; Data; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Exhibits; Future; Goals; Human; Imagery; Inferior frontal gyrus; Intractable Epilepsy; Joints; Knowledge; Language; Maps; Measures; Medical center; Modeling; Monitor; Motor; Movement; Nervous system structure; Neurons; New York; Patients; Perception; Play; Procedures; Process; Production; Prosthesis; Research; Resolution; Role; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Source; Specific qualifier value; Speech; Speech Perception; Stimulus; Surface; System; Techniques; Testing; Universities; Visual; Voice; Work; arm; language processing; millisecond; motor control; motor disorder; neural patterning; neuromechanism; neuroregulation; novel; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; response; speech processing; visual motor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of this research is to understand the neural representations that guide speech production and perception. While speech and language are central features of human behavior, the neural mechanisms of speech processes remain poorly understood. We will build on recent advances in the neural control of visually-guided reaching to develop analogous models for speech processing. Aim 1 will employ a pseudo- word repetition identification paradigm to test the hypothesis that speech production is encoded in neural activity using an auditory-articulatory representation. Aim 2 will employ a pseudo-word identification paradigm to test the hypothesis that speech perception is encoded using an auditory-articulatory representation. Aim 3 will attempt to replicate findings in Aims 1 and 2 employing a complementary set of pseudo-words. Neural activity will be directly recorded using intracranial electrodes in human patients with pharmacologically- intractable epilepsy. I predict that neural activity in specific cortical areas supporting speech and language will exhibit invariances for particular auditory-articulatory mappings. This will be evidence that speech is processed jointly in auditory space and articulatory space and could explain the specific role of auditory signals in speech production and articulatory signals in speech perception. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Augmentative and alternative communication systems give people with severe communication disorders the ability to communicate. Even after a severe loss of motor function, people can maintain the ability to express themselves with language if they have a communication channel. The long-term goal of this research is to give people with severe motor disorders the ability to speak and communicate by decoding the neural representations that support speech and language processing.

描述(申请人提供)：这项研究的长期目标是理解指导言语产生和感知的神经表征。虽然言语和语言是人类行为的中心特征，但人们对言语过程的神经机制仍然知之甚少。我们将在视觉引导触觉的神经控制的最新进展的基础上，开发用于语音处理的类似模型。目标1将使用伪词重复识别范式来检验这一假设，即语音产生是使用听觉-发音表征在神经活动中编码的。目标2将使用伪词识别范式来检验语音感知是使用听觉-发音表征进行编码的假设。目标3将尝试复制目标1和目标2中的发现，使用一组互补的伪词。在人类药物难治性癫痫患者中，将使用颅内电极直接记录神经活动。我预测，支持言语和语言的特定皮质区域的神经活动将表现出特定的听觉-发音映射的不变性。这将是语音在听觉空间和发音空间共同处理的证据，并可以解释听觉信号在言语产生中的特定作用，以及发音信号在言语知觉中的具体作用。 与公共卫生相关：增强的和替代的通信系统使患有严重通信障碍的人能够进行通信。即使在严重丧失运动功能的情况下，如果人们有沟通渠道，他们仍然可以保持用语言表达自己的能力。这项研究的长期目标是通过解码支持语音和语言处理的神经表征，使严重运动障碍患者具有说话和交流的能力。