Spatial coordination of CD28 and TCR signaling

描述（由申请人提供）：T细胞共刺激在协调适应性免疫系统的长期和短期反应中起着至关重要的作用。这个过程的一个新的图像是，免疫突触内的共刺激信号复合物的空间组织对随后的细胞激活有重大影响。为了直接测试这一概念，我们引入了一个基于平面基底的系统，该基底呈现T细胞TCR、CD 28和LFA-1受体的多个配体，从而指导免疫突触的这种人工模型的组织。通过这个平台，我们先前证明了CD 4 + T细胞对这些信号组织的微观变化敏感，如通过IL-2分泌所测量的，并且小鼠和人类细胞对这些模式表现出非常不同的反应。这项研究旨在利用这个平台来确定协调TCR和CD 28信号传导的特定分子过程，特别是关于这些复合物的空间组织如何影响这种串扰。我们还介绍了使用多组分支持的脂质双层系统，探索这些接口的纳米级组织。我们特别关注PKC 8和Lck作为两个公认的分子在这些途径的交界处，并试图定义这些蛋白质在细胞内的生物物理行为如何影响整体网络功能。我们使用小鼠和人类细胞模型作为整体反应的两个极端例子，以确定这些分子的分布，流动性和定向运动如何响应TCR和CD 28信号传导的不同组织，影响传统的细胞信号传导概念，如磷酸化。这些研究的成功完成将直接为PKC 8和Lck如何协调T细胞共刺激提供新的见解。我们介绍的方法是广泛适用的，并将直接影响在广泛的蜂窝系统中的信令的研究。 公共卫生相关性：T细胞共刺激是适应性免疫系统协调长期和短期反应性的中心过程，并且对潜在过程的理解在基于免疫的疗法的设计中具有广泛的影响。该项目应用微尺度表面工程方法来提高对与T细胞共刺激相关的信号通路之间相互作用的理解，为考虑细胞-细胞界面空间组织的模型奠定基础。这些研究提供了解剖这些途径的新工具，并可能导致用于指导T细胞活化以用于治疗应用的改进系统。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): T cell costimulation plays a vital role in coordinating both long- and short-term responsiveness of the adaptive immune system. An emerging picture of this process is that the spatial organization of costimulatory signaling complexes within the immune synapse has a major influence on subsequent cell activation. To directly test this concept, we introduced a system based on a planar substrate that presents multiple ligands to the T cell TCR, CD28, and LFA-1 receptors, thereby directing the organization of this artificial model of the immune synapse. With this platform we previously demonstrated that CD4+ T cells are sensitive to microscale changes in the organization of these signals, as measured by secretion of IL-2, and that mouse and human cells exhibit very different responses to these patterns. The proposed study seeks to use this platform to identify specific molecular processes that coordinate TCR and CD28 signaling, particularly with regards to how the spatial organization of these complexes influences this crosstalk. We also introduce the use of multicomponent supported lipid bilayer systems to explore the nanoscale organization of these interfaces. We focus specifically on PKC8 and Lck as two recognized molecules at the junction of these pathways, and seek to define how the biophysical behaviors of these proteins within the cell influence overall network function. We use the mouse and human cell models as two extreme examples of the overall response, in an effort to identify how the distribution, mobility, and directed motion of these molecules, in response to different organizations of TCR and CD28 signaling, influence traditional cell signaling concepts, such as phosphorylation. Successful completion of these studies will directly provide new insight into how PKC8 and Lck coordinate T cell costimulation. The methods we introduce are widely applicable, and will directly impact the study of signaling in a wide range of cellular systems. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: T cell costimulation is a central process of the adaptive immune system coordinating both long- and short- term responsiveness, and understanding of the underlying processes has wide impact in the design of immune-based therapies. This project applies microscale surface engineering approaches to improve understanding of the interaction between signaling pathways associated with T cell costimulation, developing the foundation for models that take into account the spatial organization of cell-cell interfaces. These studies provide new tools dissecting such pathways, and may lead to improved system for directing the activation of T cells for therapeutic applications.