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Development of Adolescent Depression: Genes, Temperament and Gender Differences

青少年抑郁症的发展：基因、气质和性别差异

基本信息

批准号：
7923073
负责人：
Heather A Priess
金额：
$ 2.57万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-06-22 至 2011-05-15
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7923073
关键词：
Address Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent Development Adult Age Alleles Area Child Childhood Complex DNA Data Data Set Development Developmental Process Diagnosis Diagnostic Disease Equation Event Family Family Study Female Future Gender Genes Genetic Genetic Predisposition to Disease Genetic Variation Genetic screening method Goals Growth Incidence Interview Knowledge Life Link Longitudinal Studies Measures Mediating Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Methaqualone Modeling Outcome Pathway interactions Positioning Attribute Prevention Process Psychopathology Reporting Research Research Personnel Risk Sampling Series Sex Characteristics Signal Transduction Stress Symptoms Techniques Temperament Testing Time United States National Institutes of Health Well in self Wisconsin Woman Work Youth biological adaptation to stress boys depressive symptoms design disability experience girls improved male men model development public health relevance treatment planning trend

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Depression is a major cause of disease-related disability and confers substantial consequences to physical and psychological health. Longitudinal research indicates that depression increases dramatically in adolescence, particularly for girls. The present study will draw upon data from the Wisconsin Study of Families and Work (WSFW), a longitudinal study of 400 children and their families, to test genetic and temperament models of the development of depression and emergence of a gender difference in depression. Models will be analyzed using statistical techniques appropriate for longitudinal data sets, including latent growth curve models. Specific aims are: 1) Examine whether the short allele of 5-HTTLPR and the three-repeat allele of MAOA- uVNTR, in interaction with negative life events, predict more depressive symptoms and disorders in adolescence; 2) Examine whether higher negative affectivity, in interaction with negative life events, predicts more depressive symptoms and disorders in adolescence; 3) Examine whether the effects of genetic variation on depression are mediated by negative affectivity, which in turn interacts with negative life events to predict depression; and 4) Evaluate possible explanations for the emergence of a gender difference in depression: a) in the case of MAOA-uVNTR, which is X-linked, girls may have greater genetic vulnerability to depression if the risk allele is dominant or co-dominant; b) there exist gender differences in temperament that result in more girls than boys having a temperament that confers vulnerability to depression; c) beginning in adolescence, girls experience more negative life events than do boys; or d) complex gender differences indicated by significant gender interactions signal different pathways to depression for girls and boys. Corresponding to NIH concerns to understand the causes of mental disorders, this research will aid understandings of the development of depression, and in particular the emergence of a gender difference in depression, to inform and improve prevention and treatment of depression. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The goal of this research is to better understand the processes through which depression develops in adolescence, and in particular, the reasons why females are more likely than males to experience depression. This knowledge will aid researchers and clinicians in their development of prevention efforts and treatment plans

描述（由申请人提供）：抑郁症是疾病相关残疾的主要原因，并对身心健康造成重大影响。纵向研究表明，青春期的抑郁症急剧增加，尤其是女孩。本研究将利用威斯康星州家庭与工作研究 (WSFW) 的数据，该研究是一项针对 400 名儿童及其家庭的纵向研究，旨在测试抑郁症发展的遗传和气质模型以及抑郁症中性别差异的出现。将使用适合纵向数据集的统计技术来分析模型，包括潜在增长曲线模型。具体目标是： 1) 检查 5-HTTLPR 的短等位基因和 MAOA-uVNTR 的三重复等位基因是否与负面生活事件相互作用，预测青春期更多的抑郁症状和疾病； 2）检查较高的消极情感与消极生活事件的相互作用是否预示着青春期更多的抑郁症状和疾病； 3）检查遗传变异对抑郁症的影响是否是由负面情感介导的，而负面情感又与负面生活事件相互作用以预测抑郁症； 4) 评估抑郁症性别差异出现的可能解释：a) 就 X 连锁 MAOA-uVNTR 而言，如果风险等位基因为显性或共同显性，则女孩可能对抑郁症具有更大的遗传脆弱性； b) 气质上存在性别差异，导致女孩比男孩更多地具有易患抑郁症的气质； c) 从青春期开始，女孩比男孩经历更多的负面生活事件； d) 显着的性别互动表明复杂的性别差异，表明女孩和男孩患抑郁症的途径不同。与美国国立卫生研究院对了解精神障碍原因的关注相对应，这项研究将有助于了解抑郁症的发展，特别是抑郁症中性别差异的出现，从而为抑郁症的预防和治疗提供信息和改进。公共健康相关性：这项研究的目的是更好地了解青春期抑郁症的发展过程，特别是女性比男性更容易患抑郁症的原因。这些知识将帮助研究人员和临床医生制定预防工作和治疗计划